The Justicial History And The Historial Justice: Research On Marx’s Ideas Of Justice

Marx pointed out that justice was nothing but the so-called negative and transitional idea in its humanized and general sense. Marx’s remarks on “justice” are unique. Specifically, its peculiarities lie in the following aspects: firstly, it was the “negative” rather than “defense”. The concept of Marx’s justice was critical, not the defensive concept as an ideology; Secondly, it was “transitional” and “historical” instead of “static” and “abstract”. Marx dialectically explored the capitalist justice, having formed his own discourse concept and method of justice. Throughout Marx’s classic works, we can see that his justice was based on historical materialism, which was scientific, material and historical. From the unique historical materialism perspective, Marx considered that the justice is a continuous development of historical category, which is restricted by certain production methods of material goods under specific historical conditions.Through defining specific forms of “the concept of justice” in each social and historical development stage, this paper expounds different standards for justice of western thinkers from ancient Greece to Marx, which has laid solid foundation for the following interpretation of Marx’s concept of justice. It is exactly that Marx is aware of the abstraction of the previous traditional justice concept in its divorcing form the reality of social life. Therefore, He began to show his idea of justice specifically and dialectically from the materialist view. In the eyes of Marx, his understanding of the concept of justice is from the social production point of view. Therefore, in a sense, we can say that the capitalist society has its rationality, and also we can treat it as a justice of society. Meanwhile, he also recognized the irrationality of capitalism, as he described the alienation, exploitation and possession phenomenon in his works. He criticized and denounced that kind of phenomenon. He realized that the capitalism was the inevitable phrase during the course of society and history development. It may be the most ideal and the best social system in the real world. He also sensed that the justice society that we will pursue in the future is the Communist society where capitalist ownership is eliminated, the people possess the means of production equally and collectively and everyone can realize his free and all-round development.The reality is that our country is still at the primary stage of socialism. The social justice is the pursuit of the Communist Party all the time. Communist society is the highest ideal in the Socialist Modernization of China. In the period of social transformation of the China, it is urgent to set up a scientific and realistic view of justice which conforms to the present situation of China for easing all sorts of contradictions and social problems, providing a theoretical direction for the construction of socialist modernization of China. By means of reading Marx’s classical works, we can conclude that the basic goal of Marx’s idea of justice is to realize human freedom and all-round development, and fully develop the potentiality of human and get themselves liberated. Through the comparative study between Marx’s justice idea and modern western liberalism justice idea which is mainly represented by John Rawls in terms of reason, standpoint and emphasis, we can find that the limitations of capitalist political liberation was determined by the means of production featured by capitalism private ownership and also affected by the level of productive forces in a specific history period. Marx’s justice views indicated his pioneering and thorough justice ideological level, which is beneficial for us to solve the real major social problems better.