Study On The Arctic Disputes And The Way Of China’s Participation In Arctic Affairs

According to geographical location, Arctic is in north latitude 66 °34 ′,within this vast area of perennial frozen, harsh natural conditions, sparsely populated. In winter, a long night is dark, the sea is frozeon. While in summer a few weeks of the day temperature rises above zero, the edge of the Arctic Ocean sea ice melt. The perennial frozen area, in recent years has become a global hot spot: the G8(the United States, Russia, Canada, Norway, Denmark, Iceland, Sweden and Finland) on the Arctic territory and territorial waters, maritime delimitation, the delimitation of the continental shelf and exclusive economic zone and other issues in the Arctic route to foreign countries and at the same time Arctic have exerted their influence in the arctic. At the same time, foreign countries and regions north of the Arctic attention has continued to rise. First of all this is because of the impact of the natural environment on the earth so that all countries to become stakeholders, at the same time, the Arctic Council "expansion" to foreign countries and regions to participate in the Arctic affairs provides an opportunity. In foreign countries there are many common participation in the Arctic affairs, including their Arctic interests, to strengthen the study on Arctic research, development and diplomatic cooperation between Arctic countries, broaden the channels of participation etc.China as Arctic countries outside the region, but also the country near the north pole, as the importance of our considerations, we in the Arctic affairs more and more widely, the depth of participation is more and more deep, so in the Arctic affairs play a more and more important role in. China has joined or involved in a lot of the relevant government or non-government organizations, including the Arctic Council(Arctic) Council), International Arctic Science Committee(IASC), the University(UArctic), the Arctic Council is one of the most influential in the Arctic affairs organization. In May 15, 2013, the Arctic Council at the eighth ministerial conference, the eight Council members agreed in India, Italy, China, Japan, South Korea and Singapore for approval, the six countries became an official observer of the Arctic council. This marks the end of a six year Chinese special observers, formal, with more smooth channels of participation in the solution of problems mainly in the arctic. To become an official observer of the Arctic Council, Chinese will have the following advantages: obviously, with a further smooth channels of participation in the activities of the Council, a higher degree; two, which further proved that the legitimacy in the Arctic affairs; three, the relevant agencies involved in our country, the transaction mechanism the building is also a powerful driving force. In scientific research, by the end of 2014, China conducted a total of six Arctic expedition, gained valuable first-hand information and fruitful achievements in scientific research, at the same time in Norway Spitsbergen archipelago new Olson, Chinese established the Arctic Research Station- the Yellow River station. Not only that, China also through other channels to participate in the Arctic affairs, including the relevant international organizations, to strengthen economic and trade cooperation with the Arctic countries.This paper analyzes the existing many disputes in the arctic. First, the Arctic sovereignty dispute, acquisition and analysis of the history of Arctic sovereignty, in general, is found from preemption, buy into the judicial history of transition. "Bergen treaty" Pitts as an important case to solve the dispute, provides the idea of solving the disputes in the arctic. The historical origin and development of the Hans island dispute and development related matters. Second, the traditional dispute sea area, the list of the Arctic system has solved the dispute and the delimitation dispute has not been resolved. Outer continental shelf delimitation disputes third, Arctic, system analysis since the submission since 2001 Russia to the United Nations Commission on the limits of the state on the Arctic continental shelf delimitation claim. Fourth, the Arctic dispute, analyzes the Northwest Passage in the Arctic waters and offshore northeast passage in Russia’s ownership dispute.This paper mainly from the perspective of marine law to analyze the arctic existing disputes, and elaborated the Arctic faced by the various disputes. From the management point of view, the settlement of Arctic disputes, a comparative analysis of the dispute settlement way and thus get the best way. Attempts to geo political science perspective combined with the current situation of proposed solutions, aims at making the Arctic can under the effective operation of the political, economic, and legal mechanisms to ease the simmering tensions. Finally, through the sum of the foregoing, the policy recommendations of China’s participation in Arctic route is concluded.Through the historical origin of the dispute, in order to solve these disputes measures, analysis has been successfully solve the case, as well as the domestic and foreign scholars on the solution, the solution of the development of the situation, analyze the transformation. On China’s position in the Arctic strategy, the author puts forward the following three points: first, in the Arctic affairs of China in the Arctic Council and other international organizations within the framework; second, China should be how to strengthen the flexibility and Arctic countries bilateral or multilateral cooperation and pragmatic; third, to explore the mechanism of near the North pole. Through the exploration of the Arctic in the way, for China to provide some constructive suggestions on the layout of the Arctic, the Arctic strategy for China to offer suggestions. China to play in the Arctic region responsible great power status, is conducive to peace and development and utilization of the Arctic, is conducive to China in the new international political economy.