The Way To Democracy:A Study On The Authoritarian Regime In Indonesia And It’s Transition Towards Democracy

The economic of Indonesian have a very rapid development during the President Suharto period after the World War II and cause the attention of the world, but the impact of the Asian financial crisis, the economy suffer a sharp decline in a short period of time, rapid change of the economy and the political authoritarianism thus trigger social unrest and governance crisis. Authoritarian system relying on the powerful ability of resource integration on the one hand to Indonesia for rapid economic growth, but the system of relative lag of the construction of the democratic political construction and the social contradictions caused by became Indonesia must face and solve the problem. The development of the economic spur people to democracy and rights consciousness awakening, at the same time the world wave of democratization has become an irreversible trend during the reign of President Suharto long Indonesia has formed the rights protection system, leaders of paternalism, Indonesia has been affected by the political life of the rigid, and many other ills of political life. Public demands for political participation more and more intense, and the lack of real participation mechanism makes Indonesia political development seriously hindered. This article selects the economic crisis and political elite political choice as two variables, through refactoring Indonesian democratic transition and the process of institutional changes, tries to discuss Huntington’s theory of democracy and the performance of the north’s theory of institutional change in Indonesia, and highlight the institutional changes bring the great progress of political development in Indonesia.Indonesia’s transformation is more successful case, there is no confusion and turmoil over and over again, no military or the consequences of a military coup. Indonesian biggest characteristic is relatively peaceful transition, army and police forces are relatively smooth out of the state power system, and the various political forces are also within the democratic institutional framework to participate in political and spiritual demand, competitive power through peaceful election. So the democratization process in Indonesia is a more successful transition, in the way of institutional change to study its deep reason is a beneficial attempt.In this paper, the introduction part mainly introduced the selected topic origin and the research significance, and the paper adopts the research method and has made the brief introduction of the basic situation of Indonesia.The first chapter first has carried on the deconstruction to Indonesia’s authoritarian system. Indonesia’s authoritarian system is formed in the specific historical environment. Is variable with the economic crisis, the author points out the economic crisis triggered the Indonesian society hidden contradictions, the lack of system thus appears more obvious.The second chapter, the author emphatically discusses the authoritarian system in Indonesia collapse of each political actors in the political choice, in the first action group, the old regime of President Suharto stepped down after losing support. Represented by Habibi, Wahid and Megawati moderate opposition elites by democratic procedures and the success of the expression. As the elite of the army, general wiranto at a critical moment to restraint, in order to avoid has made a great contribution to Indonesia into armed conflict. To act as the main body of the second group of students and christians struggle constantly, to express their own interests. Operations in two group of confrontation with the game, institutional change has been achieved..In this paper, the third chapter focuses on the establishment of the Indonesian democracy and consolidation, in the process of authoritarian transformation, generally includes three stages, namely the collapse of authoritarian system, establish and consolidate democracy, in this period, Indonesia has democracy consolidation stage, an Indonesian democracy especially the procedure of democracy have been verified in practice.Article in the fourth chapter is the conclusion part of the thesis this chapter to Indonesia from authoritarian to democratic generalizes the basic logic of the transformation, and summarizes the significance and value in the transformation of Indonesia. Indonesia’s basic progress in the direction of the democratic transition. Indonesian democratic transition from authoritarian collapse to basically complete, is an economic crisis that lead to the result of a sexual factors, at the same time, more the choice of each operation main body role, the author thinks the main reason for this transformation is Indonesia.