The Research On Volunteer Participation In Public Crisis Emergency

The crises runs through the whole history of human society, how to deal with the crises effectively is an inevitable problem for the survival and development of human beings. At present, the development of economy, science and technology is more rapid, so that there are many opportunities in the development of society, but also give rise to more uncertainty and a lot of potential risks. Crises which Occur frequently, are always go along with the development of the society. And all of these have proposed greater challenges to governance ability of the government. Government needs to break through its own borders and seek resources and cooperation from outside the government, and to form a linkage mechanism and establish a long-term coping mechanism in the whole society. It has become an international practice to use volunteers and their organizations to participate in public crisis management, to make up for the deficiency of government power. Enthusiastically participation of volunteers in the emergency rescue, help to reduce the cost of public crisis prevention and decision-making, promote the growth of civic spirit and the spirit of volunteerism, To make the government and the social parties, including volunteers, to form a cooperative mechanism in crisis management, response to the challenges brought by the risk society together.Based on the analysis and extraction of the related theory of Synergetic, governance theory and dissipative theory, combined with relevant background knowledge of the public crisis management, it is not difficult to conclude the value concept of the volunteer participation in public crisis emergency, namely " Partnership under the leadership of the government". Partnership is a common mode of current world to position the relationship between government and voluntary power, which in developed countries and regions, and also will be the reference of future relationship between Chinese government and volunteers and their organizations. Based on the concept of value, the mode of action of volunteer participation in public crisis emergency is also ready to come, that is "the supply and maintenance of the government system as common rules, highly open participation system, ordered action network and Continuous interaction and coordination process among government, voluntary organizations and volunteers ". On the basis of viewing this action model as a macro guiding principle, analysis volunteers’ participation in "Wenchuan" earthquake, explore positive impact brought by participation of volunteer and the problems brought by their non-institutionalized and non-orderly participation. Then take this as a starting point, make a general analysis on volunteer participation in China public crisis governance, points out the problems and the reasons of volunteer participation in public crisis emergency in China in the current. Through the combing and analysis of the emergency volunteer service system in United States, Japan and China’s Hong Kong region, make a historical scan of the performance of volunteer participation in public crisis emergency in these countries and regions. The following is comparison and analysis. These serve as reference to study effective mode of management of public crisis volunteers. To understand the status of volunteers in emergency volunteer service system in these countries and regions and the experience and knowledge accumulated in long-term practice, and sum up the inspiration to us from their experience and knowledge.Back to our practice, to explore how to give full play to the advantages of volunteers and their organizations in public crisis governance, study how to further standardize their activities, construct a long-term, professional and systematic emergency voluntary service system. Specifically, give policy recommendations from four directions: “Optimizing the system environment of volunteer participation in public crisis, improving the volunteer participation mechanism, constructing ordered emergency voluntary action network, Continuous interaction and coordination process among government, voluntary organizations and volunteers”. And provides in-depth interpretation respectively to four directions. In order to construct an emergency voluntary service mechanism of action, which can not only mobilize the initiative and enthusiasm of emergency volunteers and their organizations, mobilize the enthusiasm of the volunteers and the organization, but also ensures government’s coordination of the whole process of crisis management and voluntary action among them. At the same time, government as the core leading, participation of volunteers in order and Institutional synergy of voluntary organizations.