The Research About The Relationship Among Attributional Style、Depression And Anxiety Of College Students

Depression refers to a person’s persistent lose, sadness, hopelessness and so on in his normal life. It’s a normal emotional experience of individual. Depression always lead to harmful physiological reactions, psychological experiences and behavior responses. The most serious reactions are autolesion and suicide. Recently, the number of college students’ suicide is increasing. The world health organization predicts that depression will become the second cause of the most serious disease burden, disability and death in developing countries. Physiological, psychological and behavioral factors can cause depression. Depression also can be accompanied by many emotiional experiences, such as anxiety. Many psychological schools reguard depression as a key field. Attributional style is the focus of contemporary cognitibe psychological study, and many studies showed that negative attributional styles would lead a person’s depression, which in turn affect his mental health. Because of the particularity of college time, the diversity of the pressure and the cognitive bias of college students, some college students use negative attributional styles when they face success and failure. These negative attributional styles may result in harmful emotional experiences, such as depression, no sense of pride when they succeed, hopeless when they fail, lack of self-confidence, no desire to achievemnt, and so on. Moreover, some of them will choose autolesion or suidide.In order to know the status and characteristics of college students’attributional style, depression and anxity and web into the relationship among them. A random sample of330college students in the Yangtze University by the use of chester sampling self assessment questionnaires. The questionnaires includ the Attributional Style Questionnaire(ASQ), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Dpression Scale(CES-D), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS).317copies were taken back.12copies weren’t avalable. The vitality rate is92.4%. The following are the research results:(1)College students of different gender have significant difference in the attribution of negative events(t=3.462,p<0.01), attributional stablization(t=1.993,p<0.05), attributional globalism(t=3.314,p<0.01). Male students scored higher than female students. College students of different anxirty levels have significant difference in the attribution of positive events(F=5.535,p<0.01). College students of low leveled anxiety and normal leveled anxiety scored higher than those of high leveled anxiety;(2)College students have a high detection rate of depression, the rate is41.3%. College students who may have depression accounted for15.4%, the ones who must have depression accounted for10.8%, those who is suffering from severe depression accounted for15.1%. The deoressive symptoms of college students are annoyance, worriec, self-abasement, attention deficit disorder, gloom, weak, desperation, somnipathy, no pleasure, reduction of talk, loneliness, void, sadness, disability.College students of different gender have significant differences in loss of appetite(t=-2.041,p<0.05), reduction of talk(t=3.44,p<0.01), void(t=2.631,p<0.01), animosity(t=2.664,p<0.01). Male students scored lower than female students in loss of appetite, and higher than female students in other three items. College students of different grades have significant differences in attention deficit disorder(F=2.757,p<0.05), fear(F=2.990,p<0.05), somnipathy(F=3.298,p<0.05) and animosity(F=5.237,p<0.01). The freshmen scored higher than the sophomores in attention deficit disorder. The junior students scored higher than the sophomores in fear. The sophomres scored higher than the junior students in somnipathy. The junior students scored higher than the freshmen and the sophomores in animosity. College students of only child or not have significant differences in loss of appetite(t=2.429,p<0.05). College students of different homeplaces have significant differences in loss of appetite(F=3.245,p<0.05), disability(F=3.570,p<0.05). Urban students scored higher than rural students in loss of appetite. Town students scored higher than both urban and rural students. College students who fall in love or not have significant differences in sadness(t=-2.349,p<0.05). Those who fall in love scored higher than those who don’t. College students of different anxirty levels have significant difference in depression scores(F=65.714,p<0.01). Students of normal leveled and high leveled anxiety scored higher than those of low leveled anxiety.(3)College students’anxiety score has significant differences with the national norm. College students’score in this thesis is higher than the national norm(t=9.496,p<0.001).College students of different grades have significant differences in anxiety score(F=4.129,p<0.01). The freshmen and the junior students scored higher than the sophomores.(4)College students’depression scores have significant negative correlation with attribution of positive events(r=-0.205,p<0.01), the internal and external of attribution(r=-0.119,p<0.05), the internal and external of positive events’ attribution(r=-0.227,p<0.01), the stablization of positive events’ attribution(r=-0.151,p<0.01). College students’ depression scores have significant positive correlation with attribution of negative evernts(r=0.169,p<0.01), the stablization of negative events’ attribution(r=0.124,p<0.05), the globalism of negative events’ attribution(r=0.174,p<0.01).(5)College students’ anxiety scores have significant negative correlation with attribution of positive events(r=-0.205,p<0.01), the internal and external of positive events’ attribution(r=-0.194,p<0.01), the stablization of positive events’ attribution(r=0.219,p<0.01).(6)College students’ depression scores have significant positive correlation with their anxiety scores(r=0.669,p<0.01).(7)The four variables which possesses better prediction function of depression are:anxiety score, attribution of positive events, attribution of negative events, the stablization of positive events’ attribution. The predicted values of these four variables respectively is48.4%. The anxiety score(β=0.639), the attribution of negative events(β=0.167), the stablization of positive events’attribution(β=0.153) have a positive prediction to depression. The attribution of positive events(β=-0.254) has a negative prediction to depression.