| The research of human and animal model showed that iron overload is a risk factor for diabetes. Ferrous ion is Pro-oxidant, catalyzing reactions with the cell, lead to reactive oxygen species, increase oxidative stress level, and causes tissue damage. Epidemiological studies have found that Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(T2DM) patients with Serum Ferritin(SF) content was significantly higher than non T2 DM group. SF concentration with serum insulin, blood glucose, hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity were positively correlated. Aerobic exercise can significantly increase the body’s energy metabolism level. It is currently widely used in the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases such as T2 DM. But, it is not clear that aerobic exercise regulating the body’s iron dynamic balance and the prevention and treatment of T2 DM. This study investigates that aerobic exercise on the pathogenesis of T2 DM with the improvement of iron metabolism and insulin resistance in rats, as well as the related regulation of iron metabolism factor iron adjustable factor and the change of nitric oxide content. It is clarify that aerobic exercise through regulating the body’s iron metabolism and the prevention and treatment of T2 DM in mechanism with providing theory basis for early prevention and treatment of T2 DM.Methods:12 months SD rats were randomly divided into control group(group C), high sugar and high fat diet group(group H), high sugar and high fat diet group combined with aerobic exercise group(HE). Each of groups had eight rats. C group on the basis of feed, and the rest of the two groups perform high sugar and high fat feed. High sugar and high fat feed formula for 10% lard, 20% sugar, 8% egg yolk powder, 0.1% bile acid sodium, 61.9% feed(AIN- 93G).Feed was made in He Bei province animal experiment’s center. High sugar and high fat feed mineral iron content was the same as the base of feed(iron 100 mg/kg). HE group adapt to exerciese after 2 w, 15 m/min, 45 min/d, 5 grade, 6 d/w, 3 w aerobic exercise intervention, the other two groups quiet to feed at rest. Five weeks later, SF, serum insulin, liver eight hydroxy deoxyguanosine was tested by Elisa; Liver Hepcidin m RNA was measured by RT-PCR; SF, total iron binding force, serum liver tissue iron, blood sugar, HDL-C,TC, SOD, MDA, liver CAT, serum NO, liver NO, liver cholinesterase and routine blood was detected by biochemical kit; Liver biopsy was stained with HE.Results :(1) H rats was induced to be high blood glucose and T2 DM by high-sugar high-fat diet in 5 weeks. All groups of rats’ weight increased after 5 weeks, H group set a more significantly weight gain than C and HE(P<0.01).(2)Glucolipid metabolic state: H and HE insulin resistance index, serum insulin, blood sugar were higher than group C(P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and HE set the insulin resistance index, serum insulin, blood glucose significantly lower than that of group H(P < 0.01). Insulin sensitive index of H and HE were lower than that of C(P < 0.01), HE had a significantly higher insulin sensitive index than H(P < 0.01). Linear regression analysis showed that the blood sugar and serum ferritin is linear positive correlation. H of LDL is significantly higher than that of C, HE set of LDL content significantly lower than that of H(P < 0.01). HDL of HE were higher than C and H(P < 0.01, P < 0.05).(3)Body iron status change: Serum iron, transferrin saturation and liver tissue iron of H group is significantly higher than C and HE(P < 0.01, P < 0.05);SF of H and HE were significantly higher than that of C(P < 0.01), SF of HE was significantly lower than the H group(P < 0.01).(4)Oxidative stress of rats with liver cell damage degree: H had a significantly lower than that of C and HE in liver SOD, CAT(P < 0.01, P < 0.05), MDA of HE was significantly lower than C and H(P < 0.01). WBC of H is significantly higher than C(P < 0.01), WBC of HE levels lower than the H. H and HE hemoglobin concentration were significantly lower than that of C(P < 0.01, P < 0.05).(5)Liver tissue morphological changes: H group’s liver have cell combination, vesicles fat, big bubble fat which become fat droplets, nuclear migration, inflammatory cells infiltration, a small number of cell apoptosis, and nuclear pyknosis. HE set a smaller amount of liver cell vesicles fatty change than H, the nucleus in the middle and small lipid droplets within the cytoplasm filled with. Compared with group H liver cells, HE set of liver fat becomes lighter, and no inflammatory cell infiltration and cell apoptosis.(6)Expression changes in Iron total amount control metabolism factor: Hepcidin m RNA of H is significantly higher than group C(P < 0.05), Hepcidin m RNA of HE more decreased than H group significantly(P < 0.01). The serum and liver No of group H was obviously higher than C, the content of serum and liver NO was lower than that in group H(P < 0.01).Conclusion:(1)Long-term high sugar, high fat diet induced weight gain in rats and increase iron overload and oxidative stress, resistance to insulin. The experimental results show that, the natural aging rats’ blood sugar was more than 11.1 mmol/L with feeding high-sugar high-fat in rats,the model of type 2 diabetes built successfully.(2) The aerobics reduce the body’s iron stores, to increase the activity of antioxidant eand relieve oxidative stress and insulin resistance, reduce the high fat diet fat rat liver tissue samples, to prevent the occurrence of type 2 diabetes.(3) Long-term aerobic exercise reduce the NO content, lead to reduce iron overload. For NO excess, moderate exercise reduce the NO concentration and maintain the NO in normal physiological range. |
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