Village Temples And Communities:an Ethnology Study Of Fuxi Song Zhai, Fuchuan Autonomous Yao County In Guangxi

As we all know, the village temples and the temple fairs play multiple roles and have great functions in the traditional villages. Temple is the symbol of the development and reproduction of the village’s civilization; the temple fair is a kind of activation, dynamic communication and a ceremony of interaction in the village; the village temple and temple fair are the indispensable elements not only in villagers" daily life but also in their spirit world, which also vital for the traditional village’s existence and development. Taking Fuxi, Songzhai as the field research object, the author carried out the field investigation for a period of time. which involves all aspects of the village community. Basing on the collected materials, using the theory of ethnology and combining with the knowledge of other related disciplines, the author takes the local unique temple and the temple fairs as entry point, analyzes and observes the local ethnic society. From microcosmic to macroscopic, this thesis hopes to understand the complete picture of the whole traditional social life and analyze the reasons why Fuxi, Songzhai which with a long history and traditional customs is well-preserved. According to the analysis of the temple fairs and the investigation and cognition of the local ethnic’s history and reality, the author hopes that this thesis will make a reference for the solution of the "three rural problems" in national regions, which will be helpful for the realization of a harmonious socialist society and the implementation of new socialist countryside.This thesis contains three parts. In the introduction part, this thesis explains the reasons why the author choose this topic for study, the realistic meaning and the background of the study; followings are the purpose and significance of the study. The second part is the literature review of the research of Chinese temple at home and abroad. the previous researches of Fuxi, Songzhai are also explained in this thesis, which contains the content of the history of the literature about the village, the introduction of village in journal, as well as relevant studies in professional academic papers. Then, the methods of the research, the paper mainly adopts literature analysis, field investigation, and construction and structure methods. At last, this thesis talks about the content and framework of this study.There are five chapters in the body part, the first chapter introduce the basic situation of Fuxi village which is an autonomous county, and this paper introduces the situation of its natural geographical environment, social background, population and economy. Chapter two mainly analyze and understand Fuxi, Songzhai from the perspective of the community, the author introduces the concept of community, the community components of the village. And further this thesis elaborates the prosperous of Fuxi in the history and today, problems and opportunities of the village also discussed in this thesis. Then the author analyses the urgency and feasibility of the development of the village’s culture and economic, which provide matting for the suggestion of "the rural reconstruction" of Fuxi.Chapter three detailed introduces the temples of Fuxi and explained these temples which exist in history but was damaged nowadays. This part analyzes the distribution of the temples of the past in Fuxi and makes a conclusion of the reasons why these temples were damaged. In the second quarter, the author make a detailed analysis on the overview of temple fairs, development course, organization form, ceremony content and the activity process, and take Linxi and Mawang temple fair for example. Chapter four, the temple’s functions of communication among different nationalities are talked in this part, which reveals the roles that the temple plays, such as public space, ethnic symbol, community governance, intermarriage certification. Chapter five, this part is the key part of this thesis; through the analysis of Fuxi, this part mainly explains how to realize "the rural reconstruction" in the background of nowadays. "Why we should reconstruction" and "how to reconstruct under the guidance of theory" are talked in this part. Basing on the preview study and combing practice, the author want to expand and enrich the study of these kind of cases.In the conclusion part, through the summary of full text, the author further defined the object of study, the research results and the core purposes; this thesis put theory into practice. All in all. the author hold the view that we can use the village temples and the temple fairs which bear the village social memory and ethnic culture to reconcile the relationship of the village association:with the opportunity of historical and cultural village protection and the development of ecology and relaxation tours, we can arouse the local strength and graft the external support to realize the reproduction and refactoring of the village in the sense of traditional culture. Thus we can make efforts for the stability and harmony of the local society and the development of culture and economy; what’s more, this thesis can provide a reference for the rural reconstruction and the harmonious community of other areas.