Studies On Instructional Design Of Elements And Compounds Based On Understanding Cultivation

Knowledge of elements and compounds, which refers to the teaching content reflecting the existence, property, preparation, application etc, is an important part of high school chemistry teaching and makes up a large proportion of textbooks. It is generally considered as the basis of other chemical learning. Just because it involves many kinds of elements and compounds and fragmented content, it generally results in memory learning difficulties. During teaching process, the teacher uses a variety of methods to help students memorize knowledge. However, they often ignore the knowledge of elements and compounds also contains the education of basic principles and concepts.Bruner believes that in order to achieve a real sense of understanding, we should take the understanding of the basic principles and concepts as the main way to learn relevant knowledge, understand the basic structure of the subject and form the view of the scientific method of corresponding subject. Therefore, when learning the knowledge of elements and compounds, by the supporting and guiding of basic issues and unit issues we can develop some ideas from it, for example, the structure determines the property, the property reflects the structure, the quantitative change makes a qualitative difference and the view should be transformed etc. Then these ideas can be integrated into the situation of the relevant knowledge. So we can help the students to realize understanding from six dimensions:explanation, interpretation, application, insight, empathy and self-knowledge.Therefore, the focus of this paper is how to help students realize the understanding of ideas and methods contained in the knowledge of elements and compounds by corresponding instructional design and appropriate instructional strategies. In order to break through the problem, the following researches have been made in the paper:Firstly, the researches of the reverse design and understanding both at home and abroad have been explained. Meanwhile, the current domestic researches of elements and compounds have been analyzed.Secondly, in order to help students realize the understanding of basic principles and concepts, some strategies have been pointed, such as Problems of strategies, information processing, cooperative learning and situations creating strategies. Thirdly, the first lesson, the second lesson and review lesson of sodium have been designed, studied and rethought by instructional design based on understanding cultivation.The studies of our paper find that the understanding of the basic structure of subject could be realized with the constructivism and information processing theory as the theoretical basis, the reverse teaching design oriented, problem-based teaching strategies, the basic principles and concepts as the main chain, the corresponding knowledge as the carrier and auxiliary corresponding teaching methods taken to set up meaningful knowledge system.