| Solid geometry is an important content of high school mathematics, and occupies a certain score in every year’s university entrance exam questions. Examining knowledge and coping strategies are favored by the majority of the attention of teachers and students, so studying the college entrance examination questions and teaching countermeasures about solid geometry has important research significance and value.Based on the 2011, 2012 years of mathematics(new curriculum) and 2013, 2014,2015 years of mathematics(new curriculum I) solid geometry questions as the research object, using induction method and statistical method to analysis the score of each type and knowledge about solid geometry in the test questions, I did a detailed classification statistics. It is concluded that:(1) solid geometry exam questions have three categories:multiple choice and completion and subjective topic, and the total value accounts for about 22 points;(2) the examination knowledge is mainly concentrated in the three view drawing of space geometry, the space geometry’s surface area and volume, the linear and planar parallel and vertical relations and angle.Then, based on the questionnaire survey to know the learning situation of grade three students about solid geometry, analyzing the survey results, it is concluded that:(1)weak drawing ability, the lack of space imagination and the logical thinking ability is not strong;(2) students weakly master the concept and theorem and can’t flexibly use them. Students are not clear to think about the specific questions, so that they can’t smoothly solve the problems.Based on the test, in view of the problems reflected by the results of the survey, the paper puts forward the corresponding teaching suggestion. From making full use of teaching materials, training, to help students develop a good habits about normative drawing to cultivate students’ practical ability; To cultivate students’ space imagination ability, first of all we should put one’s hand to the physical teaching, and help students to get intuitive perception and reserve rich appearance, secondly we should train students to transform the relationship in language, intuitive graphics and spatial location,thirdly we should give more encourage to the vulnerable groups like girls and arts students, and by strengthening basic training to enhance their ability of space imagination; Correctly understanding the meaning of keywords in axiom, concept and theorem, is the first step to cultivate students’ logical thinking ability, then we should help students construct knowledge framework and form a knowledge network, finally,we should strengthen the training of the students’ problem-solving thinking and attach great importance to the students’ normative expression of language.This paper also gives specific coping strategies for five kinds of common solid geometry problems, and select appropriate college entrance examination questions as examples to analysis the solving methods. By helping students reserves rich visual representation and teaching students techniques and methods about the reduction of the geometry, we can help students solve the difficulties in the process of restoring the geometry by the three view drawing; When we solve the questions of space geometry surface area and volume, we should use the logical thinking to analyze the questions combining graphics, and as far as possible solve the problems in the plane figure; To deal with the issues of the parallel and vertical relationship of the line and the plane and to solve the angle between lines or surfaces, synthetic method and vector method all have their own relatively fixed ways. If we master the ways skillfully, we can overcome the difficulties confronted; In the matter of solving the distance, we need to find out the corresponding line segment whose length is equal to the distance, and then finish it in the plane figure. |
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