Researches Of Wireless Sensor Networks Energy-saving Routing Protocol Based On Cellular Automata

Wireless sensor networks(WSNs) are composed of sensor nodes placed in the monitoring area. Sensor nodes collect and process the data from monitoring objects by communicating with each other. WSNs have been research focus recently since it proposed. As the sensor nodes are always very small, so they carry very limited energy.They are usually placed in complex and dangerous environment without anybody guarding, changing battery is inconvenient. Therefore, energy-saving is always the key problem in the research of WSNs in order to prolong the lifetime.Cellular automata(CA) is a system with discrete time, discrete space and discrete cell states. The cellular follows the same transition rule, updates only with its nearest cellular occurrence interaction. CA can use simple rule to reveal complex global property. Compared with CA, a sensor node likes a cellular, deciding its state by communicating with each other, in order to realize the global property of WSNs. In the aspect energy-saving, there are also many similarities between CA and WSNs. A sensor node controls its state by executing the energy-saving protocol, so that the network energy consumption can be reduced and lifetime can be prolonged. Therefore, the problem of WSNs energy saving can be resolved effectively by buiding CA modeling.This paper researches on the energy-saving routing protocols besed on CA and proposes AODV-ECA protocol and GAF-CA protocol. The traditional AODV protocol based on CA uses “game of life” as the transition rule, it may lead network partitioning.And the nodes in it are not distributed flexibly. AODV-ECA uses irregular CA to make the nodes distribution more flexible. It also takes the residual energy into consideration when making up the transition rule. GAF-CA puts forward a new way of selecting cluster head by using CA. Sensor nodes do not have not to know complex global information and sending plenty test information. Selecting cluster head is finished automatically. At last, the paper simulates the network performance using AODV-ECA and GAF-CA by NS2 simulation software. The simulation result shows that the new protocols can reduce and balance energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime.