Design And Implementation Of Routing Algorithm Based On Lightweight IP Protocol Stack Of WSN

With the rapid development of science and technology in today’s world, the wireless sensor network(WSN) changes the way of the human understanding of the world. Its range of applications is very wide, that can be used in various fields, such as disaster warning, health systems, urban road traffic regulation, military and so on. One of the key technologies of wireless sensor network is a network protocol design, in which more important is routing protocol design. Because the nodes of wireless sensor networks are resource-constrained, its primary mission is to reduce the resources consumption of nodes, especially the energy, and prolong lifetime of the network.This paper summarizes the node module, network architecture, protocol stack structure, the focus of current research, the network features and its application of wireless sensor networks. It analyzes the existing classical algorithms and network characteristics of wireless sensor networks. Then it analyzes the basis when designing routing algorithm. Thus it designs a low-power routing algorithm. Full using of existing packets through routing information is carried by packets without routing packets and reducing the traffic of network and increasing the lifetime of the network is the biggest goal and features of the routing algorithms. The gradient, link quality of channel and the residual energy of the node are the basis for selecting the optimal parent node in this routing algorithm. The nodes dynamically select the best parent, which is the optimal upward path. It uses directed broadcasts for downlink data. It does not choose the path for downlink data, which is a very small proportion of the total network traffic. It forms an asymmetric topology. And there is no horizontal data in the present network, in addition to uplink and downlink data. Using a variety of mechanisms to achieve all the processes of the entire algorithm.The simulation is based on the Cooja simulation tools which belongs to Contiki operating system. It firstly verifies the way of choosing the best parent are based on topology change in order to achieve the optimal performance of the whole network. Secondly, it verifies all the functions of this routing algorithm. Finally, it verifies that this routing algorithm really do certain degree of reduction in power, by comparison with the protocol performance of CTP.It implements the routing algorithm in the physical hardware node based on TinyOS operating system. It verifies the function of this routing algorithm according to the topology of a small number of nodes again.