Real-Time Monitoring Of Firefighter’s Life Status Based On Remote Communication

With the rapid increment of the scale and complexity of large buildings, the disposal procedure after fire accident is becoming more and more difficult. In the rescue scene, it is difficult to achieve the firefighter’s accurate positioning and fulfill effective communication. As the result, the firefighters are easily trapped in life-threatening condition. This paper mainly focus on the real-time monitoring of fighter’s life state based on wireless sensor networks (WSN) and GPRS remote communication. The purpose is to provide effective technical support for firefighter’s life security and command staff’s efficiency to organize rescuing teamwork. The research of this topic has positive practical significance and engineering value to improve the efficiency of fire rescue and ensure the safety of firefighters.After the fire accident, both the electric power and communication are interrupted, so that the original communication facilities cannot be able to be used effectively. In order to meet the demand of acquiring the firefighter’s position information in the fire scene, this paper fuse the blind reckoning with WSN-based localization with received signal strength. With the blind reckoning module, the "beacon" firefighters can get their location estimation. Then the sensor nodes carried by the "beacon" firefighters can be used as anchor nodes to build dynamic WSN. This method provides a practical and feasible solution for multiple firefighters’real-time positioning in fire scene.In the WSN, the geometric distribution of anchor nodes has a significant influence on the positioning accuracy. In order to improve the positioning accuracy of indoor environment, GDOP assisted nodes selection (GANS) algorithm is proposed to calculate current GDOP value. According to the node’s contribution to GDOP, the anchor nodes’ subset can be determined in real time. Since the number of the anchor nodes participate in the positioning operation is decreased, the system’s overall energy consumption will be saved in the premise of positioning accuracy which is very helpful to prolong the node’s working time.Android visualization terminal is used as data acquisition and transfer equipment in this paper. The B/S architecture remote server is also developed to manage the data. Android visualization terminal can receive data form the portable terminal and process the data received from the blind reckoning module. Furthermore, the vital signs and position information is also displayed in real time. The C/S architecture interface program on the remote server can receive and store the firefighter’s real-time data. At the same time, the B/S architecture browser program can provide an intuitive interface for the command personnel so that they can constantly master the vital signs and position information of firefighters in the fire scene.Experiment result shows that, the proposed system can achieve real-time monitoring of the firefighter’s vital signs data and positioning information. The system can sense the sign parameters accurately, with the sensing delay below 0.2s. The positioning error is less than 5m while the communication quality is stable. Therefore, the proposed system has practical significance for firefighter life safety guarantee in fire rescue scene.