Design And Experiment Of Static Ice Pressure Sensing System Based On FBG Sending Technology

Icing is common in northern China and many regions at high latitudes. After entering the winter, as temperatures decrease, rivers, lakes, reservoirs and other places the ice is gradually generated. When the ice reaches a certain thickness, in the period of rising temperatures, the ice will have a huge expansion force to put pressure on hydraulic structures and equipment(referred to ice static pressure). This pressure causes great threat to the safe operation of hydraulic structures and equipment, even disaster. Thus, real-time, accurate detection values of static ice pressure is an important indicator to hydraulic architecture, equipment design and ice pressure disasters forecast must be considered, ice is a technical engineering needed. Static ice pressure sensing involves thermal, mechanical engineering, meteorology, interdisciplinary technical problems, although difficult to study, but it has a very important theoretical and engineering application value.In recent years, the production process and demodulation equipment of fiber grating gradually commercialized, so fiber grating sensing applied to more and more areas. At present, the existing pressure sensors are mostly based on resistive or inductive measuring principle, which transmit to the appropriate test equipment for collection and preservation in the form of electrical signal. Fiber grating has many advantages like corrosion-resistant, cold-resistant, moisture-resistant, antielectromagnetic interference and so on. Compared with the traditional Electrical sensors, during pressure sensor, fiber grating can be applied to a variety of harsh environmental field detection, as well as simultaneous detection of high precision and good reliability, so it is very suitable for static ice pressure testing. Comprehensive knowledge of the past static ice pressure detection, using modern fiber Bragg grating sensors, the paper designed static ice pressure sensor system based on fiber Bragg grating. Under laboratory condition, we have tested the sensor system.This paper mainly completed the following research contents:1. By reading a lot of literature, systematically expounded the background of static ice pressure and generating principle. Domestic and foreign static ice pressure detecting relevant information has been collected and existing static ice pressure detection methods have been summarized. Existing research results have been analyzed objectively. In summary, based on the results of previous studies, combined with the rapid development of fiber grating technology in the last decade, a new idea of a measurement has been put forward.2. In theory describes nonlinear Kerr effect generation principle Chaos and build a light source system. Through the annular cavity laser excitation current regulation and the polarizer polarization adjustment, forming a chaotic laser for demodulation system provides a light source.3. Fixing the fiber grating on the piezoelectric ceramic, and using magnetostrictive effect of piezoelectric ceramics to realize the system light source tunable filter. By designing the driving power to drive the piezoelectric ceramic.4. By comparing the different temperature sensing component, finally choose high-precision thermistor as a temperature sensor. High performance digital temperature measuring chip LTC2983 composes real-time high-precision temperature measurement system. Through real-time temperature measurement system, compensating temperature of the whole system.5. The use of fiber Bragg grating design static ice pressure sensing system for static ice pressure under laboratory conditions has been tested. Through the center wavelength of FBG demodulation to obtain the theoretical value of the static pressure of the ice. In the experiment by temperature compensation, excluding the effect of temperature. This study provides a new way for the detection of static ice pressure site.