Research Of Supplying Public Goods To Rural Communities

The research of supplying public goods to rural communities is always a hot topicin the relative area. For a big developing country as China, the urban-rural dual systemis a serious issue which constraints every way of economic society development. It stilltakes a long way to change the urban-rural dual system. However, to step up ruralinfrastructure construction and to complete the mode of supplying the public goods isthe most pressing issue. The main idea of this essay keep focus on feasibility andinstructive of practice instead of high-sounding on discussing reformation, and seekingfor a incentive method which could be used in a short time as well, with a lower price toraise the quality and the supplying of the public goods in rural communities under theurban-rural dual system with plenty of disadvantages.The first part of this essay gives a simple definition of the concept of the publicgoods in rural area as well as presents a brief summarize of the theory of applyingpublic goods in communities and the researches of domestic and abroad. This part is thetheoretical foundation of the whole essay.The second part of this essay including Chapter Two and Chapter Three, whichgive the description and the comment on existing supply mode of public goods in ruralcommunity. It presents the summary of the existing mode----which includes acommunity self-sufficient feature and the historical necessity, through the description ofthe Chinese country social structure and the changing of the mode of public goods inrural communities. Therefore, it also analyses the major defect of the existing modeabove the economy social structure with the urban-rural dual system, to lay thefoundation of the analysis in the following chapters.The third part of the essay is Chapter Four, which is the game analysis of supplyingpublic goods in rural area. The chapter interprets the “Prisoner’s dilemma” of supplyingpublic goods in rural area by individuals, using the game theory as the main analysistools. Meanwhile, with the general abstract of the issues above, this chapter also leads afamous game experiment started from1980s, which is called “Iterated Prisoner’sDilemma”. The experiment use a very common prisoner’s dilemma game matrix toresearch the way of triggering the corporation among “selfish” people. The summaryand the analysis of the experiment conclusion present the condition which could make aspontaneous cooperation supply under the no-centralization conditions. It shows anexample with the system of “Live and Let Live” which came from the Trench Warfare in the World War I, to improve that sometimes the spontaneous cooperation couldhappen in a no-friendship or even a hostility group. This is the presentation of theunconditional nature of the setting up of the spontaneous cooperation. The analysisabove provides the theoretical possibilities for supplying public goods to ruralcommunities and discusses how to cultivate a collective rationality by changingstrategic environment.The fourth part of this essay is Chapter Five----The policy incentives ofcooperation supply from passive to active. This chapter is the core of this essay. Itdiscusses the strategic method and policy suggestion of improving the action of farmercooperation under the game form, and put forward the feasible encouragement andmethod by combine the theory and the reality. The author prospects to give a beneficialscheme for the supplying mode of public goods in Chinese rural area.