Research On Villagers’ Sustainable Livelihood In Village-in-city Reconstruction

Since China’s reform and opening up, Beijing has launched five rounds ofvillage-in-city reconstruction, and plan to completely clear the village during the12thFive-Year Plan; Beijing is moving towards an international metropolis step by step.However, land-lost means loss of security; villagers’ lifestyle, the way of working andsocial identity are changed, therefore villagers’ subsequent livelihood problem hasbecome a serious problem in China’s urban development which has to be cautiouslyconsidered. How to formulate a fair and reasonable compensation and safeguardmeasures, which can not only guarantee the feasibility of the compensation, but alsoensure the villagers’ long-term development ability, this is the research direction ofthis paper.Taking Beijing’s village-in-city as the research object, aiming at compensationproblem in village-in-city reconstruction,120villagers (residents) from threetransformed villages in Haidian District were investigated, and we also interviewedprincipals of Xiao Jiahe, Yu Shuzhuang village and so on. Through the questionnairedata analysis, comparative analysis, qualitative and quantitative combination methods,we analyze the situation of the village transformation and built villager’s sustainablelivelihood security model. The main contents and results are as follows:(1)Basictheory research. Related concepts are definited; particularity and origin of theBeijing’s village-in-city, as well as its progress of the reconstruction in more than20years have been explained.(2)The analysis of present situation. Includingcompensation mechanism and villagers’ livelihood, the present compensationmechanism is not perfect and the villagers’ livelihoods capital suffered varyingdegrees of damage, which is challenging villagers’ sustainable livelihood.(3)Establish villagers’ sustainable livelihood security model. Considering thehistorical value, realistic value and long-term value, use monetary compensation,employment compensation, resettlement compensation and perfecting the socialsecurity, which is so-called four-integrated security mechanism, to provide diversified compensation for villagers damaged natural, physical, social, human and fund capital.The effective operation of this new model needs actively participation andcooperation among various stakeholders.