The Study Of Carbon Dioxide’s Emission Efficiencies And Their Differences Of Coastal Open Cities

In recent years, global warming-one of the most serious environmental problems has become a threat to human survival and development. Therefore how to slow down the greenhouse effect, effectively control greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide emissions attracts more and more attention. Along with our country’s carbon dioxide emissions for the first time surpassing the United States in2008, becoming the world’s largest carbon emitter, China’s carbon emissions problem has become the focus of the world, under pressure from the outside world. To this end, at the UN climate conference in Copenhagen, China actively committed to the completion of decreasing carbon dioxide emissions by40%-45%by2020. China is just in economic transition period, so the road of carbon reduction has a long way to go. However, from the perspective of sustainable development in our country, how to keep the high-speed economic development and control adverse impacts on the environment well at the same time also urgently needs to solve. Coastal open cities, as one of China’s developed areas, also face the block of the economic development caused by carbon emissions. At the same time, coastal open cities are the window of China’s opening to the outside, the first to accept the baptism and edification of the world economic tide, with the superior geographical position and developed economy, enjoying more preferential policies of the state. Therefore, with certain advantage resources and capabilities, it is necessary and responsible for coastal open cities to be the vanguard of carbon reduction team, and to explore a developing road of low-carbon economy, playing an exemplary role for other areas, and providing experience and reference. In addition, due to the coastal open cities" certain homogeneity of geographical position, resource endowment, high level of economic development and etc, the research of carbon emissions differences between them is more meaningful. So, in this paper, based on the panel data of2003-2012, choosing Dalian, Nantong, Ningbo. Wenzhou, Fuzhou, Qingdao. Guangzhou, the carbon efficiency of the coastal open cities and their differences are studied.Firstly, in this paper, industrial structure similarity coefficient is used to study the industrial structure convergence problems of coastal open cities. And the results show that both in the three aspects of industry and from the point of breakdown within the manufacturing industry, the industrial structure of the coastal open cities is showing a certain convergence. It proves that the development of the coastal open cities have a certain homogeneity, provides a theoretical basis for further research.Secondly, this paper briefly introduces the meaning of efficiency of carbon dioxide emissions and one of the commonly used methods-stochastic frontier analysis, also with its characteristics and basic models. And on this basis, with GDP as the output, labor, capital and carbon emissions as inputs, selecting industrial structure, energy structure, ownership structure, the level of urbanization, trade openness and government intervention as factors of affecting variables, build the stochastic frontier model to study the carbon efficiency problem of coastal open cities. After using the method of IPCC (2006) to calculate carbon dioxide emissions of open coastal cities, use the built stochastic frontier model to carry on the empirical analysis. From the point of the empirical analysis results, the emission efficiency of coastal open cities show growing trends on the whole, but the efficiency value of rank and growth trends exist certain differences. And the influencing factors on the efficiency of carbon have different influences. Among them, the industrial structure, energy structure, the property right structure and government intervention have a negative impact to promote the efficiency of carbon dioxide emissions, but urbanization level and trade openness are positively correlated to carbon emissions. Thirdly, in this paper, the method of kernel density estimation is used to analyze the dynamic evolution on the efficiency of the coastal open cities. By investigating the displacement and form of the distribution diagram of the kernel density estimate, the following conclusions are drawn:the carbon efficiency of the coastal cities is rising year by year; although the carbon efficiency of each city is not very significantly different, it has a tendency to gradually increase. Then, from the view of changing trends of6affecting factors, the possible reasons for the differences generated are further analyzed.Finally, in view of the above research results, on the improvement of the carbon efficiency of coastal open cities, this article put forward the following suggestions: speed up the adjustment of industrial structure optimization, developing low carbon industry; optimize the energy structure, improving energy utilization efficiency; play to the leverage of market economy, reducing reliance on government intervention; develop foreign trade reasonably, using foreign capital effectively; increase the support of technology research and development, creating low-carbon core competitiveness; perfect carbon legislation, building a low carbon society.