A Study On Ecological Compensation System Of Arable Land Protection

Arable land is responsible for the country’ food security and ecological security as a kind of non-renewed resource. In this regard, China has adopted the most stringent farmland management systems, and sticks to the red line of 18 million acres of arable land. But with the rapid economic development, the proportion of the rural population to the total population is declining, which brings much degradation to the cultivated land. Affected by the traditional resource protection mode, people focus only on the economic value of arable land, ignoring ecological farmland value,which results in that pollution and ecological damage problem frequently happen. Under the influence of the dual factors of quantity and quality of arable land, the function of ecosystem services has declined much, which asks for a urgently comprehensive protection to the arable land. The root of the problems of the arable land is the externality exists in the use and protection of the arable land. Ecological compensation system of arable land can properly constrain the external behavior of economic actors and encourage the positive externality of the protectors of arable land.It is a effective way to make the externality of arable land internalized.After reading a lot of related literature about arable ecological compensation,with the support of the theories about arable ecological compensation system, this article makes a profound analysis of the practice and problems of China’s arable ecological compensation system, trying to establish a comprehensive institutional framework of arable ecological compensation system, combining with the deep analysis of the stakeholders, the compensation standard, the compensation methods and so on. Then the paper takes the Jiaxing city as an example to do a empirical study,providing some advises about improving the arable ecological compensation system from several aspects according to the institutional system established in this paper. In the empirical part, the article uses modified equivalent factor method and Ecology Capacity model to measure the compensation standard in Jiaxing city, the conclusion shows that the arable compensation should be 5600.85 yuan per hectare and 626 yuanper each person.The innovative points of this article are as follows: firstly, the compensation institution is divided into two categories according to the nature of the arable externality, the first one is the compensation to the arable positive externality, the second one is the compensation to the negative externality, what’s more, the article builds a income-flow model to explain the origin and whereabouts of the compensation funds and the operation mode of the compensation institution in different compensation models. Secondly, because the arable land is a special system which combine natural economy with social system, so it takes use of equivalent factor method and Ecology Capacity model to measure compensation standard and makes correction with the method of fitting Pierre curve and Enger coefficient to make the amount of compensation in line with the regional economic level, which is much more scientific and practical.