Research On Corporate Accounting For Carbon Emission Trading And Information Disclosure

With the continuous development of the socio-economic, the process of industrialization in various countries is accelerating, and energy demand becomes a substantial increase. It is accompanied by the increasing accumulation of emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, which makes the growing problem of global climate warming. For example, climate disasters occurrence frequently, melting glaciers contribute to sea levels rising, and PM2.5 concentration is increasing. The negative impact of global warming to human beings has become an indisputable fact. At the same time, countries have strengthened many measures to face with the issue of global warming. In this context, a low-carbon economy becomes the only way to seek the harmonious development of the economy and the environment for countries, which is a model of economic development with the basic characteristic of "low energy consumption, low pollution, and low emission".As well as the convening of the Global Conference on the Environment, the prevalence of low-carbon economic development model has made the greenhouse gas emissions limited, and carbon emissions as a resource have been traded between countries, which give birth to an important branch of the environmental accounting named carbon accounting. In order to meet the needs of the carbon accounting, both the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) make unremitting efforts for the development of the global carbon accounting standards. So far, a complete set of operability relevant accounting standards have not been worked out yet. Due to the special nature of carbon trading and the absence of carbon accounting guidelines, there are some problems in the recognition, measurement and reporting of our current carbon accounting. Therefore, on the basis of the existing research, this article attempts to explore carbon accounting system suitable for the actual situation of Chinese enterprises according to the actual requirement.Firstly this paper reviews the domestic and foreign academic circles to carbon emissions trading accounting and briefly discusses in literature. Then, this paper discusses relevant theories of carbon emissions trading, including externality theorem, coase theorem, market failure theory, forward market theory, circular economy theory, sustainable development theory. Next, this paper studies carbon emissions trading accounting and related questions based on the study of the status of domestic and international carbon emissions trading. According to the two types of the carbon emissions trading, this paper makes quota-based trading of carbon emissions and project-based trading of carbon emissions accounting recognition, measurement and treatment respectively. Finally this paper discusses the report and disclosure of carbon emissions trading.