Study On Phylogenetic Relationships Of Ponerinae(Hymenoptera:Formicidae)in China Based On DNA Barcoding

In this paper,the DNA brcoding of 116 individuals of 14 species of the subfamily Ponerinae from Guangxi,Hubei and Jiangxi provinces were studied,and the phylogenetic relationships of the 14 species were analysed.We employed COl,ITS1,ITS2 gene sequences and their combined datasets;we also sequenced the mitochondrial genome of Harpegnathos venator,and builded the datasets with other complete sequence from GenBank reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships through Neighbor Joining(NJ),Maximum Parsimony(MP)and Bayesian(BI)methods.The main results of this study were as follows:(1)The higher variance of variation and the size in ITS1 and ITS2 will be more helpful in close species identification than CO1.(2)The ITS1 of Cerapachys sulcinodis was so longer than other species in the same dataset,that the phylogenetic information such as Variable was hidden and its gl was also small one.(3)The interspecific genetic distance of CO1 dataset and ITS]dataset(without Cerapachys sulcinodis)was small,but in other datasets the interspecific genetic distance at different taxonomic levels was relatively independent.So the combined datasets by different genes were more helpful for phylogenetic relationships analyses.(4)The interspecific genetic distance and the phylogenetic trees both showed that cryptic species was exsisted in Odontomachus haematodus.Although there was not significantly differences between the population of O.haematodus from Longzhou county and the one from Ziyuan county in the sculpture of body surface and shape,the population of O.haemat.odus from Longzhou county was bigger and darker than the one from Ziyuan county.The phylogenetic trees both showed that they were different populations.(5)Pachycondyla was inferred to be broadly non-monophyletic.P.luteipes and P.astute did not within the same clade.(6)We could infer the phylogenetic relationships of Ponerinae in China:(((Ponera +Hypoponera)+ Diacamma)+((Odontomachus + Pachycondyla(Branchypon.era))+ Leptogenys))by the similar topology structure.(7)We determined the sequence of the mitochondrial genome of Harpegnathos venator,All tRNAs showed the classic clover-leaf structure,excepted that the dihydrouridine arm of tRNA-Arg and tRNA-Ser(AGN)formed a simple loop.