The Vegetation Investigation And Ecological Environment Evaluation Of Water Diversion Based On "3S" Technology

This paper is based on Fuzhou water diversion project(Mountain flood prevention and control and Ecological water supplement)as a research subject,by means of field survey and quadrate survey,we use"3S" Technology to survey and research the terrestrial ecosystem including landscape and vegetation types,flora,key protected plants and old trees,the sensitive ecological area,vegetation species diversity.The results showed that there are 166 families,570 genera and 1066 species of wild vascular plants in the evaluation area.The floristic composition is complicated,distribution types is diversity,the tropical composition is an advantage,especially in the pan tropical composition is the most abundant,temperate distribution also occupies certain proportion.The evaluation area is including the second-grade State protected trees:10 Cinnamomum camphora.,Fujian provincial key protected plants:2 Keteleeria fortune and 16 old Ficus microcarpatrees.Vegetation in the evaluation area contains three class of vegetation-type,five subclass of vegetation-type,seven vegetation-type,eleven formation types.The Form.Pinus massoniana and Form.Acacia confusa are the main formation,In addition Form.Castanopsis carlesii,Form.Pinus massoniana+ Acacia confusa,Form.Dendrocalamopsis oldihami,Form.Dendrocalamus latiflorus,Form.Saccharum arundinaceum and Form.Miscanthus floridulu.With the 3S" Technology and classification method,we performed a remote sensing interpretation of landscape types in the evaluation area,and the spatial distribution of landscape and vegetation types.The results show that forest land area is the largest,up to 16 km2,accounting for 42.24%of the total area.Other land types surveyed were,from largest to smallest:forest land;artificial garden;building land;bare land;traffic land;water and water conservancy facilities;farmland;garden plot.Through Diversity analysis of the main formation types in the evaluation area,the results show that taxonomic diversity has better "resolution" than traditional diversity.Using of traditional diversity analysis;we get the certain difference in most of the vegetation types,The Form.Pinus massoniana and Form.Acacia confusa have the highest diversity,the Form.Saccharum arundinaceum and Form.Miscanthus floridulu have the lowest diversity.Using of taxonomic diversity analysis,we get that there are clear difference in most of the vegetation types,and the vegetation types of community are relatively simple,seriously influenced by humanity,species distribution uniformity is poor in the evaluation area.On the basis of field survey,"3S" Technology was utilized to superposition of the remote sensing image and engineering plan,we get the spatial relationships between the project evaluation area and sensitive ecological area.According to the relevant laws and regulations,we aim to minimize the influence of the project construction on the ecological sensitive area,project construction optimization Suggestions should be put forward,such as the construction area and so on.On the basis of "3S" technology,combined with vegetation and vegetation diversity survey results and landscape ecology principles,we assessed the environmental impact on the landscape ecology,vegetation,key protected plants and vegetation diversity of the engineering evaluation area.Furthermore,we raise the issues of the corresponding protection,vegetation reconstruction and ecological restoration measures,in order to minimize the influence of the project construction on the terrestrial ecological environment.