Study On Biodiversity And Geographical Distribution Ofamphibians And Reptiles In Bohai Rim Region

The Bohai Rim Region refers to the region which surrounds Bohai Sea,including Beijing,Tianjin two municipalities and Hebei,Liaoning,Shandong three provinces,the land area is 420,000 square kilometers.There are 20 species and subspecies of amphibians,and 50 species and subspecies of reptiles.It accounts for 5% and 13% of the total number of amphibians and reptiles species in China.It is also the richest and most abundant region of the wood frogs and vipers,and it contains the species of all three wood frog specie groups in China and varieties of vipers,it is said to be a hotspot of wood frogs and vipers,and also a species differentiation centre of wood frogs and vipers.The biodiversity study of amphibians and reptiles is the basic work of animal resource protection and the premise of maintaining environmental sustainable development in this area.The geographical distribution of the native species is linked with the geological history.Therefore,the geographical distributional study also helps to explore the evolutionary relationship,origin and differentiation trend.The invasive species is an important factor in the loss of biodiversity and has become one of the serious global environmental problems.The suitability analysis is helpful to judge the degree of adaptability of those species to the local climate.The species with high degree of fitness have a high probability to colonize and become invasive species potentially.For those invasive species,the suitability analysis helps to lock the key areas to control.In this study,the diversity and geographical distribution of amphibians and reptiles in this area was studied by field investigation and literatures.The results were as follows:1.A name list of amphibians and reptiles in the Bohai Rim region is formed.It inclueds 20 species and subspecies of amphibians,belonging to 2 orders,8 families,13 genera and 50 species and subspecies of reptiles,belonging to 2 orders,8 families,13 genera.The survival status(endangeredness)of these species was analyzed and discussed.In addition,there are 7 species of alien species recorded in the natural environment,including 4 species of amphibians and 3 species of reptiles.2.We made the distribution maps for every terrestrial amphibians and reptiles by DIVA-GIS,which provides the basis for the protection and conservation of wildlife resources.3.The distributional pattern of species and subpecies of amphibians and reptiles in the region which not described in Chinese Zoogeography due to taxonomy changed was studied and supplemented.4.Based on the distributional maps of the species,the zoogeographical divisions of amphibians and reptiles in the Bohai Rim region were analyzed by DIVA-GIS cluster analysis method.The results show that Bohai Rim region can be divided into 7 bio-geographical areas.5.Using the Maxent model,7 kinds of alien frogs and turtles found in the Bohai Sea area were analyzed.Trachemys scripta elegans and Rana catesbeiana had some lower suitable habitats in this area and Rana catesbeiana had become common alien specie in the natural environment of the Bohai Rim region.For invasive alien species,we discussed the harmfulness and suggested to strengthen management.Keywords: Bohai Rim region,Amphibian,Reptile,Bio-geographical.