| Water is an indispensable resource for human survival.As an important part of water resources,groundwater is an ideal source of water for industrial,industrial and agricultural use.With the national economic development,industrial and agricultural water and people's living water consumption is increasing,the demand for groundwater is also increasing and unreasonable of the excessive exploitation of groundwater,resulting in groundwater level continued to decline,in some areas there are regional landing funnel,ground subsidence and collapse and a series of ecological and environmental problems.The dynamic change of groundwater can reflect the influence of natural and human exploitation and become an important way to reveal the change of surface water.Therefore,we can grasp the characteristics of groundwater dynamics and find out the influencing factors of groundwater resources,and provide scientific basis for the rational,safe and effective utilization of groundwater resources.Based on the Songnen Plain(Heilongjiang)as the research area,this paper studies the dynamic changes of groundwater on the basis of years of dynamic monitoring data of groundwater level,and determines the dynamic characteristics of groundwater level,water quality,water temperature and water quantity of diving and different confined water systems This paper analyzes the influencing factors of groundwater level dynamics.The method of mining coefficient method,ground subsidence rate method and pollution index method is used to evaluate the groundwater over-exploitation area,and the change trend of underground water level descending funnel is applied to the groundwater super-mining area The time series analysis method is used to analyze and forecast the groundwater level dynamic,and the reasonable monitoring and optimization scheme is put forward for the groundwater super-mining area.The following conclusions are drawn from the study:1.Songnen Plain(Heilongjiang)groundwater diving water level dynamic types are divided into four types: low plain diving into precipitation infiltration-evaporation-runoff type;high plain diving into precipitation infiltration-runoff type-evaporation type;The diving is precipitation inflow-runoff type;valley plain has hydrological dynamic characteristics.Most of the confined water has the characteristics of runoff type,and only the concentrated mining groundwater area has runoff-mining or mining-flow pattern dynamic characteristics.There are only one peak and valley value in the water level every year,and the water level decreases continuously after reaching the peak in August and September,and then rises slowly to the peak after arriving at the valley in April and May.Diving water level is affected by precipitation factors,water level change time and concentrated precipitation time is more consistent,the annual variation is generally 0.8-2.0m.The dynamic characteristics of groundwater temperature are basically the same,and the dynamic characteristics are not obvious for many years.Quaternary diving water temperature controlled by the ground temperature,shallow surface(? 4.0m)by the temperature of the temperature,the performance of seasonal frozen soil freeze-thaw changes,with precipitation or surface water supply,water level rise,water temperature also increased.Quaternary pressure water slightly reduced trend.Deep water pressure for many years a slight upward trend in water.2.The dynamic state of groundwater level in the study area is affected by natural and human factors.The natural state of groundwater is different because of the influence of human factors,such as human activities and industrial and agricultural development,water consumption increase and unreasonable exploitation and utilization The degree of change in the different areas of the groundwater level began to rise or decrease.In some areas over-exploitation of groundwater,resulting in the emergence of landing funnel and there is a growing trend,there has been a decline in regional water level,making the dynamic changes in groundwater man-made.3.Based on the establishment of the evaluation index system of groundwater super-mining area,the super-mining area is combined with the geological and geomorphologic conditions of shallow groundwater,fissure water and deep confined water.Area of 186.49 km2,of which a serious over-mining area of 29.64km2.Suihua City and Daqing Changyuan eastern part of the groundwater in the over-picking state,Suihua City super-mining area for the small groundwater over-mining area,area 5.98 km2;Daqing Changyuan eastern super-mining area is a deep overcurrent water,and medium-sized groundwater over-Area,area of 180.51 km2,serious over-mining area 29.64km2.4.The dynamic model of diving and confined water level is analyzed by using time series model.The forecast model is established by using data from 2008 to 2016.The trend item analysis shows that the groundwater is mainly descended in most areas of the study area,especially in over-A larger decline,a small number of areas appear slowly rising state.The analysis of the periodic items shows that the groundwater level is cyclical,and the groundwater level during the year is divided into dry and wet period.Based on the analysis of the dynamic change of groundwater in the Songnen Plain(Heilongjiang)region,the characteristics of groundwater dynamics in the area and its influencing factors are basically identified.Based on the evaluation of overburden groundwater in the area,the evaluation of groundwater over-And the time series change model is established to forecast the trend of groundwater in the main aquifer.The results provide a scientific basis for rational exploitation and utilization of groundwater in the study area. |
PDF Full Text Request