Time-frequency Analysis Method And High Resolution Processing Technology For Seismic Data

How to improve the resolution of seismic data has been an important research topic in oil and gas exploration.At present,one of the important methods to improve the resolution of seismic data is seismic deconvolution.But the real seismic wavelet is the dynamic wavelet of time and space in the propagation of underground media.Therefore,it is important to study how to extract the wavelet accurately for the use of the deconvolution method to improve the seismic resolution.The Hilbert-Huang transform method can describe the time-frequency relationship of seismic signals more accurately,which is very important for extracting the transient properties of seismic signals.Combining Hilbert-Huang Transform and Dynamic Deconvolution Technology to Improve Seismic Data Resolution.This paper first introduces the design of time-frequency analysis and the relationship between various time-frequency analysis methods and their respective advantages and disadvantages.By introducing the concepts of Fourier transform,short time Fourier transform,wavelet transform,S transform and Hilbert-Huang transform,the advantages and disadvantages of seismic data analysis are compared.Through the detailed description of the Hilbert-Huang transform,the advantages of the Hilbert-Huang transform are clearly demonstrated.The method avoids the limitation of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle in linear time-frequency analysis method,and avoids the interference of cross-term in quadratic time-frequency analysis method.Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD)is an important step in the Hilbert-Huang transform.It decomposes the signal by empirical mode to be decomposed into a number of component signals known as the intrinsic modal function(IMF).These component signals can obtain the instantaneous attribute parameters with physical meaning after the Hilbert-Huang transform.Then this paper introduces the theory of high resolution processing of dynamic deconvolution.The time-frequency analysis based on the Hilbert-Huang transform is used to deconvolve each IMF component and finally to the estimated reflection coefficient sequence.The result of actual seismic data processing shows that the Hilbert-Huang transform can not only improve the resolution of seismic data effectively,but also maintain the relative amplitude relation of seismic data.Hilbert-Huang transform can lay a good foundation for subsequent seismic inversion,reservoir prediction,hydrocarbon detection and seismic attribute analysis.The use of dynamic deconvolution methods not only improves the resolution of seismic data,but also effectively compensates for the energy attenuation caused by deep formation absorption.