Study Of Transverse Momentum Dependent Gluon Distribution Functions In High Energy Nuclear Physics

Study of hadron structure is one of the main topics in high energy nuclear physics.Using Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) as a theoretical tool, theoretical high en-ergy nuclear physics mainly computes various of high energy scattering process to study the internal structure of hadron (proton) and nuclear, especially the distribu-tion function of quark and gluon in hadrons. This thesis starts from deep inelastic scattering which gives the structure function of hadron and defines the Feynman par-ton distribution functions, then introduces transverse momentum dependent parton distribution function. Furthermore, we introduce two kinds of transverse momentum dependent gluon distribution functions in the low-x limit. Then,we briefly introduce some other parton distribution functions. At last, we summarize and discuss the outlook of this field.