Statistical Characteristics And Numerical Simulation Of Sea Surface Wind In Drake Passage

The southern end of the Drake Passageare South Shetland Islands,the north of the Drake Passage are South Georgia Island and the southeastern south of the Drake Passage is also the main fishing area for the annual krill operations in China,which is of great strategic significance to our country,In order to understand the polar cyclone directly or indirectly to the Drake Passage caused by the complex and volatile winds of the weather process development mechanism for the future weather diagnosis and prediction of wind forecast.This paper summarizes the temporal and spatial distribution of the sea surface winds in the Drake Passagefrom 2000 to 2009,and analyzes the gale weather data observed during the operation of the South Georgia Island from June to September in 2016.The winds of South Georgia Island The situation,the numerical simulation of the sea surface wind in the Drake Passage,the optimal physical parameterization scheme,combined with the previous analysis results,the combination of the high-altitude weather conditions in the south of the South And the analysis of the generous processes produced by the polar cyclones in the southern Antarctic Peninsula at the southern end of the Drake Passage,so as to understand the internal structure,development process and development mechanism of cyclones.The research contents and research results of this paper include the following aspects:(1)The statistics show that the number of winds in the north of the Drake Passage is the largest,and the number of winds in the north,middle and south of the Drake Passage is the lowest in 2000,and the year with the largest number of winds is inconsistent.There are at least the number of summer winds in the north,middle and south of the Drake Passage.August wind days in the north of the Drake Passage,central and southern are the largest.The average annual wind speed in the northern part of the Drake Passage is the second,followed by the middle and the south.The average annual wind speed in the Drake Passage reached a peak in 2001.The various parts of the Drake Passage throughout the year are mainly prevalent in the northwest and southwest winds,and in summer and winter prone to more than 25 m / s windy weather.(2)In the north of the Drake Passage,the annual average temperature in the south of the Drake Passage is 5.146 oC,the annual average temperature in the middle of the Drake Passage is 2.156 oC and the average annual temperature in the northern part of the Drake Passage is-1.349 oC.The average temperature in the northern part of theDrakePassage and the middle of the Drake Passage and the southern part of the Drake Passage reached an average of 7.68 oC,4.71 oC,2.18 oC,respectively.The average mean temperature in the middle of the Drake Passage and the Drake Passagein July reached the lowest level,while the temperature in the south of the Drake Passage reached its lowest level in August.Drake Passage pressure north,central and southern have a decreasing trend,the central decline in the most obvious trend,the average winter pressure higher than the summer.(3)South Georgia Island prevailing in the west and northwest of the wind,wind and polar cyclone activities are closely related.Resulting in the South Georgia Island windy weather conditions have a single cyclone type,north high south low type,west high east low type.In the event of windy weather,the duration of a single cyclone is shorter,the north-south low-type duration is longer,and the shortest duration of the west and east is the shortest.West high east low weather situation is easy to form saddle type field,prevailing southeast wind,wind and waves surging,need to pay special attention to fishing boats shelter mode.(4)The experimental results show that the simulation results of ACM2 and KF are good for the simulation of wind speed,and the simulation results of MRF and BMJ are better in summer.For the simulation of air temperature,the simulation results of ACM2 and KF are better in winter,and the combination effect of MRF and BMJ is better in summer.For the simulation of air pressure,the choice of ACM2 and BMJ in winter is better,and the effect of ACM2 and BMJ is good in summer.It is suggested that the combination of ACM2 and KF scheme should be used in the winter to simulate the summer MRF and BMJ schemes.(5)The effect of positive vorticity and cold advection on the instability of baroclinic instability provides a favorable environment for the development and maintenance of cyclones.The high-altitude troughs move closer to the ground to lower the low pressure to reduce the vorticity,resulting in a deepening of the cyclones,The advection of the cooling and trough of the warm advection after the convergence of the warming,the rising movement to stimulate the release of latent heat and constant water vapor supply,promote the exchange of air and sea,is conducive to the development of cyclones.(6)The emphasis here is on the west of the island of South Georgia,which has a large impact on the South West and the low winds.The ground weather map shows that the Antarctic and Drake Passage are often stretched from the south of the Antarctic and the southeastern Pacific Combined with the sub-polar high-pressure control,or the South American continent high pressure south and the Antarctic peninsula into a piece,the maximum pressure of 1025 hPa or more,Drake Passage to the east by the deep low-pressure cyclone control.With the high and low pressure field eastward,the South Georgia Island is in the west of the high east of this barometric pressure field in the middle of the southeast air flow,the instantaneous wind speed to 8 or more,which is the winter South Georgia Island where the southeast wind.At this time the wave level to5-6 level,due to the direction of the sudden changes in the direction of the waves and the perennial average state,the loss of the island area of ??the operation of the terrainshelter,although the duration is not long,but a greater impact on fishing boats should be prepared in advance to meet TheSouth Georgia Island by the saddle-shaped field eastward shift,the emergence of the West high east low weather situation;so this paper that saddle-shaped field generation and movement will have a greater impact on the waters,contribute to fog and windy weather,The mechanism of the saddle field is to be further studied.