Research On Toxic Effects Of Sulfur Dioxide Derivatives To Caenorhabditis Elegans

Sulfur dioxide is a one of the atmospheric pollutants to form haze.The toxicity of SO₂ mainly through it converted into its metabolic derivatives?sulphite and hydrosulphite?in the body fluids,which can be harmful to any kinds of cells and organisms by circulating through the whole body as the blood flow.So sulfur dioxide and its derivatives is a systemic poison.While human and animals' health experience great threaten because they are exposed to the air which is polluted by the sulfur dioxide for a long time.So it shows very important theoretical and realistic significance to study the toxic mechanism of sulfur dioxide derivatives which is a research focus in the field so far.In order to ascertain the toxic effect and mechanism of sulfur dioxide derivatives.The Caenorhabditis elegans were exposed to different concentrations?3.2 mL,32 mg/L and 320 mg/L?of SO₂ derivatives,and the expose time is 24 h long.And then we study from three aspects including biological,biochemical and oxidative stress.In the aspect of biology,we detect its reproduction capacity?include the egg number in the uterus of C.elegans laying eggs on the second day?the total egg number and the number of offspring/the egg hatching rate??lifespan?include the maximal life spans and the mean life spans?and development?include body length and width?.In the aspect of biochemistry,we detect the effect of SO₂ derivatives expose on the accumulation of intestinal lipofuscin and cell apoptosis of C.elegans.In the aspect of oxidative stress,we detect the effect of SO₂ derivatives expose on the activity of the total antioxidant capacity?T-AOC?and the content of malondialdehyde?MDA?of C.elegans by kit.Finally,the following results are obtained by statistical analysis.Firstly,SO₂ derivatives exposure result in the body shortened and body widen?fecundity decline and lifespan shorten of C.elegans.?1?The body shortened and widen significantly?p<0.01?after exposed to the medium and high concentrations?32 mg/L and 320 mg/L?of SO₂ derivatives.In addition,the vulva appears deformity development.?2?The SO₂ derivatives exposure could cause decrease in reproduction capability compared to the control with a concentration-dependent manner.The different concentrations?3.2 mg/L.32 mg/L and 320 mg/L?of SO₂ derivatives exposure lead to the egg number in the uterus of the second day were reduced by 3.74%?8.29%?32.71%?p<0.01?respectively;the total egg number were reduced by 4.82%?8.94%?p<0.05?and 22.97%?p<0.01?respectively;the number of offspring were reduced by 9.30%?p<0.05??24.87%?p<0.01?and 42.32%?p<0.01?or the egg hatching rate were decreased by 5%?p<0.01??17.89%?p<0.01??25.98%?p<0.01?,respectively.?3?When animals were exposed to SO₂ derivatives,their average life spans were reduced by 0.34 days?5.34 days?p<0.01?and 7 days?p<0.01?compared to the control and their maximum life spans were reduced by 3 days?p<0.05?.6.33 days?p<0.01?and 10.67 days?p<0.01?compared to the control respectively.Secondly,the medium and high concentrations?32 mg/L and 320 mg/L?of SO₂ derivatives exposure could increase the accumulation of intestinal lipofuscin significantly?p<0.01?and induce cell apoptosis of C.elegans.And the exposed group of fluorescent density is 1.19 times and 1.28 times as the control group,respectively.Finally,exposure to three different concentrations?3.2 mg/L,32 mg/L,p<0.01 and 320mg/L,p<0.01?of SO₂ derivatives decreases by 33.02%and 65.42%the activity of T-AOC respectively and increases the content of MDA of C.elegans and its content is 2.1 times and 3.52 times as the control group,respectively.The above experimental results show that SO₂ derivatives exposure affect the growth of C.elegans,its shape is stubby?body shortened and widen?and it appears deformed development;The SO₂ derivatives exposure could reduce the egg number and hatching rate of C.elegans,so that the number of offspring of the nematode were significantly reduced;The SO₂ derivatives exposure result in the accumulation of intestinal lipofuscin content is increased,marked the SO₂ derivatives speed up aging lead to shorten lifespan of the C.elegans;And accompanied by cell apoptosis and oxidative stress?T-AOC activity decreased,MDA content increase?.To sum up,SO₂ derivatives have multiple biological toxicity to C.elegans.Its toxic mechanism may be related to reduce T-AOC activity of C.elegansleading to accumulate a substantial of free radicals and caused oxidative damage.The above research results could be used to further explore the toxicity mechanism of SO₂ derivatives,and find out the ways to prevent SO₂ and its derivatives from poisoning effectively.