Study On The Water Quality Criteria Of Arsenic And Lead In Xiangjiang River Basin Based On Human Health

Water quality criteria for full name is ambient water quality criteria (AWQC), environmental protection departments in formulating the standards for water environment quality, evaluation and management of water quality to the important scientific basis and theoretical basis. In recent years our country environmental baseline studies has just started, in the past, our country in environmental standards revision process, environmental benchmark or standard mostly direct reference to foreign related reference or standard and according to the use of water resources in waters to develop, but there were significant differences compared to our country population constitution, living habits and different water environment species distribution and foreign, make water quality standards to protect the functions of water mainly, rather than to protect aquatic ecosystems and human health as the goal may will enable China's environmental management existence "protection" or "less protection. Xiangjiang heavy metal pollution is a long-standing problem. In recent years, Hunan in the ecological protection and governance very fruitful to 2015, Xiangjiang basin, compliance rate of more than 90%. But made by such a "standard" the standard is in accordance with the foreign population signs and behavior, it is possible to will not apply and local circumstances, such a "standard" possible and no good watershed protection within the health of residents, the construction of "two oriented society" in Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan granted the reform pilot area, environmental quality management will continue to deepen, the public awareness of environmental protection will continue to improve, so it is urgent to conduct conforms to the Xiangjiang River basin regional characteristics and environmental management needs of heavy metals in the human body healthy quality criteria.This paper on consulting relevant literature based on, is currently the most mature of the environmental protection agency in 2000 "Methodology for Deriving Ambient Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Human Health "is the protection of human health of ambient water quality criteria method" value method is derived according to, according to the heavy metal such as lead, arsenic in the carcinogenic effect and water ecological system of biomagnification, states derive their water quality criteria, establish method of derivation of Xiangjiang River Basin of Chang Zhu Tan region heavy metals (lead, arsenic) human health and water quality criteria system. Based on the literature search for toxicological parameters, population exposure assessment and biological accumulation evaluation, the water quality standards for the protection of heavy metals (lead, arsenic) in Xiangjiang River Basin are calculated. The Hunan municipal residents and exposure parameters in different trophic level fish purchases data were added.Through literature survey, lead and arsenic toxic effects and toxicological parameters were obtained, the carcinogenic effect of lead does not have data clearly show that the carcinogenic, while arsenic is carcinogenic effects, both on the organism have toxic effects. In the water environment, arsenic has a biological amplification effect, and lead in different fish have different enrichment, so do not have a biological amplification. Derivation of water quality criteria required for toxicological parameters calculations arsenic risk specific dose RSD need to target carcinogenic risk increment for 10"6 to 10"4, carcinogenic potential coefficient m 1.75 mg/(kg·d); lead and arsenic in drinking water exposure reference dose RFD is 0.0014 mg/(kg·d); 0.0003mg/(kg·d)?According to the questionnaire survey, the population exposure parameters of drinking water in Chang Zhu Tan area were obtained. The average daily weight per capita DI is 60.29kg, the average daily water consumption was 2.162L/day, and the average daily consumption of aquatic products FI is 0.0671 kg. Through the household residents to buy fish species, the proportion of choice, the representative species of different trophic level, the proportion of the purchase, and the calculated 0.03367 kg,0.03087 kg,0.00255kg as different trophic levels of fish consumption FIi i=2,3,4. Among them, the per capita weight ratio of the United States water quality standards recommended 70kg low, average daily fish consumption of 0.0175 kg/day high, the exposure parameters have regional and ethnic characteristics. The Changsha Zhuzhou Xiangtan area residents have more fish eating habits characteristics.Selection of Xiangjiang wild fish and Changsha, a fish farm raised fish as the object for the determination of content of representative fish muscle tissue and water sample in the heavy metals (lead, arsenic), and using the measured bioaccumulation factor method and measurement bioconcentration factor and food chain doubling coefficient correction method and calculate the Xiangjiang River fish heavy metal bioaccumulation factors (BAF). Calculate the food chain multiplication factor: FCMTL,2:FCMTL.3:FCMTL;4=1:1.0455:1.0574. Xiangjiang wild fish and feeding the fish food chain multiplication coefficient measured biological accumulation (enrichment) factor results are contrasted to other local research analysis found that the differences, but differences are within the same order of magnitude. Finally, according to the measured biological accumulation factor, the national biological accumulation factor is calculated:BAFi(As) (1=2,3,4)=7.80,12.30,12.04; BAFi(Pb) (i=2,3,4)=237.09,193.05,278.03.According to the data obtained, put into carcinogenic formula and non carcinogenic formula, the calculation of Xiangjiang heavy metals (lead, arsenic) human health water criteria:AWQC (Pb) is 5.002 ×10-3 mg/L; AWQC (As) is 1.215 × 10-3 mg/L. And the derivation of these benchmark value, compared with domestic and international water quality standards and benchmarks such as the quality standard for surface water (Pb:0.05 mg/L; As:0.05 mg/L), United States (Pb:0.015 mg/L; As:0.002 mg/L), the World Health Organization (Pb:0.01 mg/L; As:0.01 mg/L) were low. This shows that our country has established the water quality standards based on the reference of the foreign toxicological parameters, population exposure parameters and the data of fish biological accumulation, In application to the Xiangjiang River Basin, there will be less protection, where the Xiangjiang River Basin water quality standard formulation compared to the surface water quality standards should be more strict, in order to ensure the health of the residents in the watershed.Derivation of Xiangjiang River heavy metal health water quality criteria, for the basin water environmental baseline studies provide examples, fill the blank of our country in the human body heavy metal health quality criteria of, for Changsha Zhuzhou Xiangtan area to develop water quality standards to provide a reference, to more scientific to protect human health and the pollution emissions for more scientific and reasonable management provide the basis for control.