Research On The Hydropyrolysis Of An Indonesian Oil Sand

Oil sand is an unconventional oil resources, rich reserves in the world.Facing the shortage of oil resources, the rapid development of society, how to make effective development and utilization of oil sands as supplement of oil resources is a problem worthy of study. Compared with other countries, Indonesia oil sands with high tar yield, has the very high utility value.Therefore, in this paper, the pyrolysis experiments of oil sand under hydrogen atmosphere was investigated, exploring the effects on product yield and sulfur content of Indonesian oil sands from different pyrolysis condition. In order to improve the quality of tar, added Ni-Mo/MCM-41 catalyst, exploring the addition of catalyst under hydrogen atmosphere on the influence of sulfur distribution and oil yield of pyrolysis products in comparison with nitrogen atmosphere.Experiment was investigated under hydrogen atmosphere, exploring the effects on product yield and sulfur content from pyrolysis temperature (400?560 ?), constant temperature time (20-50 min) and pressure (0.1?1.0 MPa), hydrogen flow rate (100-180 ml/min).Under hydrogen atmosphere,When pyrolysis temperature was 440 ?, time was 40 min, pressure was 0.5 MPa, hydrogen flow rate was 160 ml/min, the maximum oil yield was 17.11%(wt, ar). At the same reaction conditions, the tar yield was 15.23%(wt, ar) under nitrogen atmosphere,the yield of oil sand under hydrogen atmosphere was about 1.88% higher than that under nitrogen atmosphere. According to the analysis of sulfur content of pyrolysis products, the sulfur were mainly distributed in the tar(more than 80%) in N2 and H2 atmosphere during 400? and 560?. With the pyrolysis temperature increasing, the distribution of sulfur in the tar rose from 78.05% to 89.88%, sulfur distribution in the char fell from 20.38% to 8.72%, sulfur distribution in gas reduced firstly and then rise. The highest was 1.95% at 480 ?.The optimum reaction conditions of hydrogenation catalyst pyrolysis were consistent with hydrogenation pyrolysis. The highest tar yield was 16.42%, compared with hydrogenation pyrolysis was slightly reduced. After adding catalyst, distribution of sulfur in tar decreased significantly, with the pyrolysis temperature (400 ? to 560 ?) increasing, the distribution of sulfur in tar rose from 35.13% to 44.58%.The distribution of sulfur in catalyst first increased and then decrease, the highest was 50.80% at 440 ?. Sulfur transfered from the tar to catalyst. For catalytic pyrolysis under nitrogen atmosphere, the oil yield was 14.96%, decreased by 1.46%. With the pyrolysis temperature (400 ? to 560 ?) increasing, the distribution of sulfur in tar rose from 58.58% to 64.42%,the distribution of highest sulfur in catalyst was 29.08% at 400?, distribution of sulfur in tar increased significantly compared with the hydrogenation catalyst.The tar from pyrolysis temperature (400?560?), constant temperature time (20-50 min) and pressure (0.1?1.0 MPa), hydrogen flow rate (100?180 ml/min) was detached into aliphatic,aromatics and polarity. Which's composition was analyzed by GC-MS. Compared with nitrogen atmosphere, the relative content of olefins under hydrogen atmosphere decreased, the content of alkanes and naphthene increased.For compounds containing heteroatoms, most of sulfur compound, content is more than 70%. There are a lot of cyclic sulfides, such as benzene and thiophene and its alternatives.After adding catalyst, the content of olefin decreases, the content of alkanes and naphthene increases,the relative content of sulfide reduced from 73.11% to 33.94%.