Evaluation On The Whole Process Of Municipal Waste Classification In Hangzhou

The problem of urban solid waste caused by population explosion, urbanization, economic development and lacking recycling governance has increasingly become a global crisis. The rapid development of the society not only causes high consumption of resources, but also wastes, bringing significant environmental, social and economic problems. While emission of urban solid waste has increased year after year, land for waste disposal is shrinking, and the environment deteriorating. So far, Hangzhou has implemented the waste classification policy for 15 years, but the massive investment didn’t help, Hangzhou is still a city troubled by solid waste. It is difficult to assess the performance of waste classification policy accurately through the "Self-Determination, Self-Implementation, Self-Evaluation" model adopted by functional department, thus unable to achieve good information feedback.Based on first-hand statistics and data from extensive field research, and starting with the whole process of waste classification and disposal in Hangzhou, the paper tries to analyze the real situation of all sectors, among which are waste reduction, classification, collection, recycling, transportation and disposal. Meanwhile, through the revised "4E" model, the paper assesses the performance of the waste classification policy so as to reveal both the existing problems and deeper roots, upon which, in combination with the research of Taiwan’s waste classification made during the author’s exchange study in Taiwan, some suggestions are proposed in order to improve the situation of waste classification in Hangzhou.The full text is divided into six chapters. The introduction part indicated the research background, contents and methodologies, research purpose and significance. In the first chapter, literature review of performance evaluation and policy research of waste classification has been made after reviewing previous research materials. The second chapter described the basic theory of refuse classification. The third chapter expanded the classification work in Hangzhou since 2000 by using historical data to show the evolution and development of the waste policy in Hangzhou. In the fourth chapter, the whole process from garbage generation, circulation, clearance and transportation, recycling to waste incineration and landfill, combined with field survey data in Hangzhou were evaluated. In the fifth chapter, the modified 4E model is subdivided into 15 evaluation indicators, an independent third-party evaluation of Hangzhou refuse classification policy has been made to illustrate the fundamental problem of waste classification. The sixth chapter analysed some best practices of domestic and international solutions on waste classification implementation. Taiwan, as a case study would be talked into detail as a research report with recommendations for classification work in Hangzhou.