Preparation, Characterization Of Composite Nanomaterials And Application In Water

This paper focuses on studying the removal efficient of pollutants in the water by functional nanomaterials. It consists of the following five parts.The first chapter of the paper is about introduction, mainly introduce various kinds of pollutants in the aquatic environment and their harmfulness, the application of functional nano-materials in the water and their application in environmental analysis and preparation.The second chapter is prepared of new metal organic framework Zr-GA by simple green method. A series of characterizationabout the structure have been made, including transmission electron microscopy(TEM), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), infrared spectra(FTIR), Raman spectra and X-ray powder diffraction(XRD) and nitrogen adsorption stripping, etc. We can infer the general structure of matter from the characterization. The synthesized Zr metal organic framework was applied to adsorb 2, 4, 6-trichlorophenol(2, 4, 6-TCP) in water. We find the best adsorption conditions by changing and control the conditions of adsorption. The experimental results show that the p H, temperature, ionic strength and the initial concentration of pollutants in water are important factors that influence the effect of adsorption. Adsorption capacity increased with the increase with temperature and can be the best when the p H is 4. The influence of ionic strength on the effect on adsorptionis not so obviousbut adsorption limitation will occur with high ionic strength.The third chapter is mainly introduced the preparation of Cu-MOF with gallic acid and the Cu saltsand its characterization. Cu turn into Cu O and Cu2 O after 500 ℃ carbonization andwe use the Cu/Cu2O/Cu O which is of catalytic performance loaded on the carbon layer as catalyst to reduce the aniline and phenol substance material in the wastewater, so that such pollutants can converted into non-toxic or less toxic substances. Catalytic experiment results show that the catalytic rate of the catalystis fast, and the pollutants can be reductedin 4 min, and the conversionof pollutants can reach more than 99%.The fourth chapter of the article is about the usage of Zr-MOF@Au as the substrate to detect perfluorinated octane sulfonic acid(PFOS) in negative ion mode to analyze matrix auxiliary function of the material in matrix assisted laser ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS), which is more sensitive response and no interference fragment ion peaks compared with the traditional matrix, even when the target concentration is very low, the corresponding ion peaks were observed. Therefore, Zr-MOF@Au can be used as substrates to detection of small molecule by MALDI-TOF-MS.The fifth part is summary of full text, and put forward opinions and suggestions on the use of nano materials.