Research On The Oil-Water Separation Properties And Durability Of Superwettability Porous Metal Materials

With the development of economy and society, more and more oily water exists in the daily life. Especially the emulsified oil containing a variety of surfactant is very stable, it will bring great harms to environment and human health if not be handled immediately, How to carry out oil/water separation becoms a urgent problem to be solved. Superwettability surface can separate oil/water mixture because it has different wettability on oil and water. The pore size and structure stability of porous materials have influence on separating different oily water and its durability. Therefore, study on surface modification, pore size control and durability is meaningfull to achieve oil/water separation.Four different microstructures are prepared with anodic oxidation, one-step chemical synthesis, two-step chemical synthesis and pre-electrodeposition methods on the copper foam, and they have great wettability and separation performance after be modified. The durability and microstructure stability are also researched. It found that Cu(OH)2 nanoneedles and ZnO nanocones are easily destroyed by external force because of its slender structure and smaller bonding areas. However, ZnO nanorods are more stable because they are arrayed neatly. Compared with the smooth surface, pre-electrodeposition can improve the basal roughness, so that the binding force is enhanced greatly. After continuous separating for thirty times, the surface keeps superhydrophobic, and separation efficiency is still above 99.81%.Based on the conditions of magnetic stirring and dual anode, The copper foam micropore structure parameters are successfully controlled between 50?m and 450?m. With the increase of current density and the extension of electrodeposition times, more and more copper particles are sedimented, and the sediments are gradually thickening, so as to achieve the aim of skeleton enlargement and pore size narrowing. Afterwards, rough structure is constructed and modified on the surface, the separation efficiency is 99.8%.Stainless steel fiber-felt is pre-etched firstly, then ZnO nanocones are prepared on the fiber skeleton, superwettability surface are finally obtained after fluoride. The separation efficiency for layered oil/water mixture is above 99.9%, and it also can separate water-in-oil emulsion, the particle size of filtrate are below 0.1 ?m. Composite technology between PVA-SiO2 and fiber-felt is explored, it finds that this technology can shrink the fiber-felt micropore size to 1?m, so that to separate oil-in-water emulsion.With above research, it finds that surface roughness, states of micro/nano structures and specific surface area are critical factors influcing structure stability and durability, pore size and surface wettability are main factors whether it can separate emulsified oil or not.