The Biological Factor Acted On The Formation Of Phosphate And Carbonate Minerals In The Water System And Its Result Analysis

Microorganism is an important part of the earth's biosphere, it can promote many geological and geochemical processes in the long geological evolution process. Guizhou province is famous for its karst landform, and rich in phosphate and carbonate mineral reserves. Found out the effects of microbes in the formation process of phosphate and carbonate minerals has a positive practical significance in the rational exploitation and utilization of phosphate and carbonate mineral reserves. At the same time the study about testing the feasibility of utilizing biological mineralization mechanism to remove the phosphorus pollution and heavy metal pollution out of groundwater will have an important guiding significance in the groundwater pollution treatment.In this paper, in order to simulate the microbial effects on the formation of the phosphate and carbonate minerals which were both generated in surface and deep water as well as find out the different influence between photosynthetic microbes and non-photosynthesizing microbes in the process of phosphate and carbonate mineralization, so set up lit condition and darkroom condition respectively by controlling lighting levels.Putting the artificial seawater which had been added into certain amount of soil extraction solution in lit condition and darkroom condition respectively to simulate photosynthetic microbes and non-photosynthesizing microbes acted on the formation of phosphate and carbonate minerals that along with the changing of seawater depth in marine environment, and then analyzing the pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen concentration, microbial data, and main mineral types in the sediment o f simulated seawater samples in the two different conditions. Results showed that the pH and microbial quantities in lit conditions were greater than those in darkroom conditions; the growth of microorganisms could affect pH, conductivity, and the dissolved oxygen concentration; Furthermore, SEM observation showed that calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate crystals were both found in sediment in the bottom of the simulated seawater in lit, and darkroom, conditions; however the crystals found in lit conditions were more abundant and complicated in form than those formed in the dark. This proved that photosynthetic microbes could influence the formation and morphology of phosphate and carbonate crystals in simulated seawater.In order to make sure that the b iological factor acted on the formation of carbonate minerals whether in surface water or in deep water in freshwater system in karst areas, so taken the lake water as experiment samples which had been divided into two groups(one had been added into certa in amount of soil extraction solution and culture medium, the other had been added nothing in), put these two groups in lit condition and darkroom condition respectively, finally set the distilled water samples as the blank controller in the two conditions. According the detected results of the pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen concentration, microbial data, concentration of HCO3-, SI of calcite, main mineral types in the sediment which had formed in the three group samples in lit condition and darkroom co ndition, etc., found that the microbial diversity has a beneficial influence on the formation of carbonate mineral deposits, and the sediment crystals of CaCO3,CaMg(CO3)2 generated by the effect of the action of microbes had more obvious shapes than those generated just by the effect of chemical equilibrium, also the former combined closely at each crystal, while the latter's structure were unconsolidated; photosynthetic microbes through photosynthesis could improve the water pH value so that created a bene ficial environment for alkaline sediment such as CaCO3,CaMg(CO3)2 to deposit; some photosynthetic microbes maybe could take the Zn element into carbonate mineral sediment and then formed the composite precipitation to deposit if there had some Zn ion existed in the sample water; photosynthetic microbes through photosynthesis could capture the S element in sample water and then generate CaSO4,CaMg(SO4)2 which had separated out from the sample water.In this paper, the research results showed that the action of microbes have an important influence on the formation of phosphate and carbonate mineral crystals as well as their types; microbes especially the photosynthetic microbes could capture other metallic element in water and fixed them in precipitation in the process of mineralization. So put forward that if can take advantages of the microbes especially the photosynthetic microbes acted through microbial mineralization on the d ispose of heavy metal pollution in surface water or groundwater, then that would be a new prospect in water pollution treatment.