Research On Electromechanical Coupling Of The Spindle Feed Drive Of Gantry Machine Tool

With the rapid development of China's aerospace, shipbuilding, nuclear power equipment manufacturing industry, gantry machines tools have been widely needed due to the growing demand for large and complex parts. As the spindle feed system is the key to realize the machining process of a gantry machine tool, its dynamic performance has a great impact on the machining accuracy of a gantry machine tool, and it is widely concerned by many scholars. As the function of the feed drive is a consequence of mutual effect of control subsystem and mechanical subsystem which means there must be some coupling effects in these two subsystems which affect the performance of the whole system. Besides, few studies found home and abroad, so the electromechanical coupling modeling, analysis as well as the control algorithm are accomplished after exploring the electromechanical coupling mechanism this paper, taken the spindle feed system of five-axis machining center QLM27100 as research object. The main research achievements are as follows:(1) Three types of electromechanical coupling of the spindle feed drive are analyzed. The relationship between mechanical parameters and control parameters is analyzed. The electromechanical coupling model based on the traditional position loop, speed loop and current loop control of the spindle feed system is established.(2) By means of virtual prototype technology, the CAD software Solidworks, dynamic analysis software ADAMS and FEM software ANSYS are utilized to establish a virtual simulate environment, and a rigid-flexible model of the spindle feed system has been set up in this environment. The stiffness and damping value between the guide and slide block are identified by the modal experiment which are applied to the virtual prototype model.(3) The electromechanical coupling model of the spindle feed drive has been established basing on the interface between ADAMS and MATLAB/Simulink. PID parameters of position loop controller, speed loop controller, current loop controller are fixed, and dynamic performance of the control system is simulated and analyzed. The simulation analysis indicated that the electric control parameters and disturbance frequency have an impact on the vibrations of coupling system, while the quality of moving parts affect the performance of the coupling system.(4) The dynamic characteristics of the spindle feed drive largely depend on the performance of the controller. In order to meet the higher index requirements of high-speed and high-precision processing technology, A new hybrid control strategy based on RBF adapter for real time compensation is tried to put forward, and compared with the universal tri-loop controller. Simulation analysis shows that the adaptive control scheme designed in this paper is superior to the traditional tri-loop PID control method if they are under the same conditions. Besides, in the action of the controller, the disturbance signal could be effectively resisted, and the position tracking error can be controlled within 0.3?m, the speed tracking error is lessen than1.5?m.