The Development Of Stalk Biochar-based Potash And Its Application Effect Study On The Tobacco Production

Potassium is one of the three nutrients essential for plant growth, which plays a vital role for plant growth and development. With the improvement of crop yields and cropping index, potash fertilizer has gradually improved. Especially in the cultivation of sensitive potassium, potassium required amount of crops is often a large number of one-time application of potash fertilizer. But mostly potash fertilizer quick result, quickly dissolved in soil fertilized soil solution, with the loss of soil moisture migration, resulting in a serious waste of potash. This article appeared in the potash solve agricultural production problems in the administration tried to use straw charcoal as potash release carrier prepared stalk biochar-based potash, orthogonal experiment to determine the best ratio, and the analysis and evaluation of its release properties. A field experiment was set up at the same time, research stalk biochar-based potash for tobacco soil physicochemical properties and tobacco growth, dynamic changes of dry matter accumulation and potassium content and production quality. The main results are as follows:(1) Three kinds of stalk biochar-based potash which were prepared with corn, rape and tobacco stalk as a sustained-release material had significant slow releasing effect. Three kinds of stalk biochar-based potash in the soil slow releasing effect was superior to its in the water, which rape stalk biochar-based potash had the best slow releasing effect. In still water, the 1st,4th,7th,14th,28th day, the corn, rape, tobacco stalk biochar-based potash dissolution rate were 10.60%?18.49%?21.00%?33.70%? 12.39%?20.36%?8.48%?14.41%?5.39%?10.65% lower than K2SO4. In soil column, the 1st,4th,10th,21th,42th,70th day, the corn, rape, tobacco stalk biochar-based potash dissolution rate were 12.82%?15.35%?19.26%?24.40%?24.88%?32.75%? 17.08%?26.83%?9.75%?17.96%?8.97%?15.42% lower than K2SO4. In straw carbon particle diameter of 100 mesh, add 50% by weight of the binder was 5% sodium alginate which are the best slow releasing effect.(2) After applying stalk biochar-based potash, tobacco soil pH, organic carbon, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium content than K2SO4 treatment had significant effects. Soil pH compared with K2SO4 treatment increased from 0.09 to 0.20 units, organic carbon content increased by 4.84%?18.67%, available nitrogen content increased by 9.43%?26.72%, available phosphorus content of 8.33%?12.04%, available potassium content increased by 16.01%?31.39%.(3) Stalk biochar-based potash can significantly increased the tobacco plant height, stem girth, pitch, number of leaves, leaf area and leaf area index in the rapid growth, squaring and maturity period. The effect of applying 100% stalk biochar-based potash is better than 50% of stalk biochar-based potash, its height, stem girth, pitch, number of leaves, leaf area and leaf area index increase rates were 5.72%?8.28% 4.83% 9.98%5.90%7.64%,6.83%-7.49%,8.76%?13.31% and 12.39%?15.71%. Among them, rape stalk biochar-based potash was the best effect, corn and tobacco straw carbon-based potash took the second place. Further after applying stalk biochar-based potash, the root, stem, upper leaf, middle and lower leaf dry weight compared with K2SO4 increased 10.29%?27.32%,5.34%?15.20%,9.46%?18.62%, 8.39%?19.40%,4.35%?12.65%, dry matter accumulation biggest increase were mainly root, middle and upper leaf. The main reason may be stalk biochar-based potash maintained high soil nutrients in the tobacco middle or late growth perid which conducived to accumulation of dry matter.(4) Root, stem, leave potassium content which applying stalk biochar-based potash than the K2SO4 had significantly increased, among the potassium content of the sharpest increase was upper leaf. Total nitrogen and nicotine content of tobacco had increased, the coordination of nitrogen and nicotine was better than K2SO4 treatment. The upper, middle and lower leaf potassium content respectively increased by 10.46%?30.07%,7.02%?28.07%,8.29%?18.98%, potassium/chlorine were within the optimal range. Tobacco yield increased by 1.90%?6.36%, the rate of middle and first class leave increase by 1.60%?6.07%, production value raised by 1624.62?6136.16 yuan/hm~2, the average price increase by 2.57%?5.10%. The promotion of the corn, rape stalk biochar-based potash for tobacco organs potassium accumulation, chemical quality coordination and tobacco economy traits was better than the tobacco stalk biochar-based potash. The effect of applying 100% stalk biochar-based potash was better than 50%.