Studies On Synthesis Of Energetic Compounds Derived From Azoles

High-nitrogen energetic compounds can be ideal high energy density materials due to their owning high heat of formation and environmentally friendly explosive products such as N2 and H2O.In this thesis,some high-nitrogen-containing compounds with triazole structure were designed and synthesized,which is described in the following three parts:1.Studies on synthesis of energetic compounds based on bis(tetrazolyl)-1,2,3-triazole4,5-bis(tetrazol-5-yl)-1,2,3-triazole and it's nitrogen-rich salts were synthesized from 2,3-diamino-2-butenedianitrile through three-step reaction such as diazotization coupling reaction,[2 + 3]azo cycloaddition reaction and metathesis reactions.The corresponding synthesis mechanism was explored.And all of compounds were characterized by IR,1H NMR,13C NMR.The detonation performance of each compound was calculated by EXPL05.The detonation velocities are ranged from 7652 to 8389 m s-1,which are higher than that of TNT.The thermodynamic properties of the compounds were studied by DSC.The thermal decomposition temperatures are between 274.41 ? and 309.06 ?.Compounds 24 and 30 have 109.48? and 103.91? of melting points,as well as 296.14? and 300.05? of the thermal decomposition temperatures,respectively,which are potential casting explosives.2.Studies on synthesis of energetic compounds based on 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl-1,2,4-triazole3-(1,2,4-oxadiazolyl)-5-amino-1,2,4-triazole(37)were derived from aminoguanidine bicarbonate and oxalic acid through three-step reaction such as amidation reaction,esterification reaction and cyanidation reaction.The reaction mechanism from the starting material to the target compound was discussed.The structure of 37 was characterized by 1H NMR,13C NMR.The detonation properties of 37 were calculated.The detonation velocity is 7282 m s-1,which is superior to that of TNT.3.Studies on synthesis of energetic compounds based on bis(1,2,4-oxadiazolyl)-1,2,3-triazole 4,5-bis(1,2,4-oxadiazolyl)-1,2,3-triazole(41)was synthesized from 2,3-diamino-2-butenedianitrile in triethyl orthoformate.The corresponding high nitrogen-containing salts were obtained by the metathesis reaction.The structures of compounds 41?43 were characterized by 1H NMR,13C NMR.The thermodynamic properties of the compounds were studied by DSC.The thermal decomposition temperatures are between 186.31? and 266.66?,higher than 180?.The detonation performance of each compound was calculated by EXPL05.The corresponding detonation velocities are ranged from 7333 to 7804 m·s-1,which is superior to that of TNT.