Preparation Of Polysulfone Micro/Nano Fiber Fibers And Study Of Its Oil Sorption Performance

With the rapid growth of offshore oil production and transportation,the oil spill accidents occurred frequently across the world,and lead to ecological disasters(or serious ecological problems).Therefore,how to clean up the water organic pollutants has become a global problem to be solved.However,the materials used for oil adsorption currently have many defects,such as the poor oil absorption ratio,complex preparation method,bad oil-water separation,poor mechanical properties.So it makes great significance to design a high performance oil spill sorbent.In this article,polysulfone(PSF)was used as raw material,electrospinning with one-step process was used to prepare PSF fiber membranes of different mass fractions.In addition,adding polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)particles into the PSF polymer solution to increase PSF fiber membrane's mechanical properties,tensile strength and oil absorption performance of the PSF fiber membrane were tested;Finally,multi-nozzle mix spinning and multi-layer composite spinning membranes were prepared for comparison,the mechanical properties and oil absorption performance of the above membranes were tested.The main contents are summarized as follows:(1)The PSF fiber membrane morphologies were characterized by the scanning electron microscope(SEM).The porosity of the fiber membrane,the intra-fiber pore size distribution,and the contact angle of as-prepared PSF fiber membranes were presented.Finally,oil sorption and retention of PSF fiber membranes were tested;The results show that when the PSF/N,N-Dimethylformamide(DMF)solution mass concentration increases from 12 % to 18 %,the beads presented in the fiber membrane gradually disappear,the average diameter of fibers increases and the porosity of the fiber membrane increases.The pore size ranges from 10 to 100 nm,and the water contact angle ranges from 131° to 140°.The initial maximum oil sorption amounts of PSF membranes sorbent for vegetable oil and motor oil are 37 g/g and 50 g/g,respectively,and the oil retention for motor oil was up to 75 %.Meanwhile,PSF fiber membranes have good buoyancy and hydrophobic-oleophilic property.(2)The composite membranes used PSF and PVDF as raw materials were prepared by electrospinning.Effect of mass ratio of PSF and PVDF solutions on the fiber membranes' performance was discussed.With the increase of mass ratio of PVDF solution,the irregularity of fiber diameter decreases;and porosity of composite fiber membrane decreases,their breaking strength increase,and the breaking strength value reaches up to 1.01 MPa when the mass ratio of the PSF/PVDF solution is 3/7.Moreover,there is a down trending for the water contact angle of the fiber membrane with the increase of mass ratio of PVDF solution.The initial maximum oil sorption amounts of PSF/PVDF membranes sorbent for vegetable oil and motor oil are 47.32 g/g and 52.13 g/g respectively.With the decrease of mass ratio of PVDF,the oil retention of the composite fiber membrane increases,but the oil adsorption ratio will decrease accordingly.(3)The effect of polymer solution nozzles ratio on the surface morphology,surface wettability,oil absorption and tensile strength of fiber membranes was investigated by using multi-nozzle parallel spinning technique and single nozzle multi-layer composite spinning technique.When the PVDF fibers are blended into PSF fibers,the composite membranes have a low bulkness.The breaking strength and breaking elongation of the fiber membranes are improved dramatically,especially the maximum value of breaking elongation reaches up to 50 times in comparison to pure PSF fiber membranes.The oil retention of the composite membranes improved with the content of PVDF fibers in the composite membrane increases.The initial maximum oil sorption amounts of PSF/PVDF membranes with the nozzles ratio of 2/1,1/1 and 1/2 for vegetable oil and motor oil are 40.73 g/g and 43.64 g/g respectively.The PSF/PVDF fiber membranes prepared by using single nozzle multi-layer composite spinning technique in comparison to that prepared by multi-nozzle parallel spinning technique,their breaking strength and the oil sorption capacity increase,the oil retention ratio decreases.And the initial maximum oil sorption amounts of PSF/PVDF multi-layer composite fiber membranes for vegetable oil and motor oil were 50.58 g/g and 54.06 g/g.