Study On The Processing Technology Of Zanthoxylum Oil

Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim(ZBM)is a material of peel which belongs to Zanthoxy L.,and it is a specific spicery of our country.By adding the extraction of ZBM into vegetable oil which serves as a dissolvant,one can efficiently extract the effective constituents contained in ZBM,and these effective constituents can be made into different levels of zanthoxylum oil.Zanthoxylum oil has the characteristic of ZBM,it has been widely used in hotel and catering business and daily life,thus,the potential market for zanthoxylum oil is very promising.However,because there are various production methods for zanthoxylum oil and there is also no unified manufacturing technique and quality criterion,so the quality of zanthoxylum oil in daily life has been severely affected.In this paper,by using ZBM as the raw material and colza oil as a dissolvent,firstly,this paper has discussed the dissolving influence in high temperature hot pressing,temperature preparation and low-temperature cold-pressed with different preparation processes and conditions,and guiding by the sensory test,an advanced manufacturing technique from which the high-quality zanthoxylum oil can be made has been initially determined,then,Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer(GC-MS)is used to test and compare the physicochemical indexes obtained from different manufacturing technique productions,this is served as a quality criterion for assessing the quality of zanthoxylum oil,finally,the kinds of effective constituent,relative content and variations of physicochemical indexes during the storage period of zanthoxylum oil have also been investigated.The specific research results are as follows:1.The role of organic solvent in extracting zanthoxylum oleoresin has been detailed investigated.In detail,the yield of zanthoxylum oleoresin and sensory quality obtained using different organic solvents have been compared and assessed,GC-MS is used to analyze and identify the effective constituents contained in zanthoxylum oil,and the relative contents for each other have been obtained via normalization method.Experimental results have demonstrated that the yield of zanthoxylum oleoresin is 7.34 percent when diethyl ether is used as a dissolvent,and the obtained zanthoxylum oleoresin is viscous also in rich of zanthoxylum fragrance and taste.In addition,the obtained zanthoxylum oleoresin is rich in the relative amount of myrcene,limonene,gamma-terpinene,linalool,linalyl acetate and terpinyl acetate,all of these facts have demonstrated that when considering as an extraction solvent,diethyl ether is superior to absolute ethyl alcohol,n-hexane,acetone etc.2.The manufacturing technique of zanthoxylum seasoning oil in temperature preparation has been detailed investigated.In detail,the influences of ZBM granularity,leaching temperature,leaching time and solid-liquid ratio on the yield ratio of limonene and linalool have been investigated via single-factor experiment,and the optimal manufacturing combination in temperature preparation has been determined,i.e.95?of leaching temperature,40 mins of leaching time,1:8 of solid-liquid ratio and 60 numbers of mesh number,underwhich conditions the yield ratio of limonene and linalool is 3.0465mg/g and 2.7387mg/g,respectively.GC-MS is also used to analyze and identify the compounds of zanthoxylum seasoning oil produced in temperature preparation,and the results have demonstrate that the mainly compositions are terpene compounds and its derivatives,with ?-limonene,sabinene,myrcene,limonene,gamma-terpinene,linalool and linalyl acetate relatively high in amount.In addition,acid amides compositions also can be detected in GC-MS.3.The yield ratios of limonene and linalool obtained in high temperature hot pressing with different temperatures,the variation of acid and peroxide value vary with time have been investigated,and the compounds of zanthoxylum seasoning oil produced in high temperature hot pressing are also analyzed and identified with the help of GC-MS.The results have indicated that the zanthoxylum seasoning oil is high in quality under the production conditions of 160?in temperature and 40 seconds in extraction time,in detail,the zanthoxylum seasoning oil is transparent oily and rich in zanthoxylum fragrance and taste,the yield ratios for limonene and linalool is 0.3547mg/g and 0.3191mg/g,respectively,value for acid and peroxide is 0.5227KOHmg/g and 4.7184mmol/kg,respectively,refractive index is1.4724,sensory score is 8.2.4.The yield ratios of limonene and linalool obtained in low-temperature cold-pressed,and variation of sensory score have been investigated.GC-MS is used for qualitative analysis of zanthoxylum seasoning oil compositions.The results have indicated that yield ratio for limonene and linalool is 3.9902mg/g and 2.6712mg/g,sensory score is 9.15,the quality of zanthoxylum seasoning oil obtained in low-temperature cold-pressed is better.The mainly compositions are terpene compounds and its derivatives,withalpha-Thujene,Sabinene,Myrcene,(+)-trans-4-Thujanol,limonene,gamma-terpinene,linalool and linalyl acetate relatively high in amount.In addition,acid amides compositions can be detected apparently in GC-MS.5.In order to explore the best conditions for the storage of zanthoxylum seasoning oil,for the flavor compounds contained in zanthoxylum seasoning oil,the stability and variation of relative amount under different conditions have been investigated.The result have indicated that It is of benefit to the storage of zanthoxylum seasoning oil when the surroundings is low in temperature and empty-Illumination.