| In this experiment,“Mianhe 1”,a new variety of walnut of Si Chuan province as the research object,related research in fat-soluble constituents and pigments in walnut green husks,the main contents are as follows:1.To Compare fat-soluble constituents in walnut green husks from 5produing aeas and analysis species the characteristics in walnut green husks from“Mianhe 1”of a new variety of walnut from Si Chuan province.The fat-soluble components were extracted by soxhlet extraction,separated and identified using GC-MS.The relative content of each component was determined by area normalization.Results indicated that a total of 48 compounds were classified in 5produing areas of walnut green husks,including sichuan,henan,shanxi,hebei,anhui province.35?39?35?29 and 27 components were identified in the walnut green husk,respectively,which accounted for 97.87%,96.29%,97.31%,96.38 %,and 95.26 % of the total relativecontent.16 common constituents were identified in the walnut green husks from 5 different regions.The components of higher relative content included ?-sitosterol(12%~60%),Squalene(4%~13%),dotriacontane(1%~3%),which were the main components of fat-soluble constituents in 5 Samples.The Cyclohexene,1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-,(s)-as an active ingredient was identified from walnut green huskst for the first time.Therefore,there were many similarity and difference in the compose and the ratio of the fat-soluble constituents in walnut green husks from 5 produing areas.At the same time,fat-soluble constituents in walnut green husks from“Mianhe 1” of a new variety of walnut from Si Chuan province showed significant species the advantages in terms of compounds type,main substances content,active substances content.2.The enzymatic-assisted ultrasound-extraction of naphthoquinonespigments from walnut green husks was optimized using response surface methodology based on the colorimetry determination of the extraction rate of naphthoquinones pigments.The effects of several operating parameters,namely enzyme dosage,ultrasonic time,ultrasonic temperature,liquid/solid ratio,on the yield of naphthoquinones pigments from walnut green husks were studied.The effects of illuminations,temperature,oxidants,reducing agent,metal ions on the pigments stabilities were also studied.The results indicated showed that colorimetry showed good reproducibility and stability with high precision,and the average recovery rate was 100.768±0.655 %,RSD=0.006 %;Results that the highest yield of naphthoquinones pigments of 8.22% was achieved when the extraction was carried out with enzyme added amount of 1.0%,ultrasonic time for 90 min,ultrasonic temperature of 70 ?,ratio of liquid-solid 72:1(m L/g),which was 0.13% of relative error compared with the predicted value.Stabilities tests showed that naphthoquinones pigments from walnut green husks had better lightfastness,anti-oxidation-reduction,storage tolerance in the range of 0~7 days and thermotolerance in the range of 80 ?.Metal ions AL3+? Zn2+ ? Fe3+ had a certain hyperchromic effect for pigments,and hyperchromic effect of Fe3+ was the most significant.There was no effect of Mg2+?Ca2+?Na+?K+ on the pigments.The ultrasonic bonding enzymatic extraction technology was simple,viable,and the extracted pigments had better stability.3.In order to widely develope natural dyes with health care function,walnut green husks extract pigments were selected for dyeing on cotton fabric.Based on preliminary experiments,thermal stability of dye solution concentration from walnut green husk was analysised by ultraviolet scanning spectras,dyeing process of cotton fabric at different test conditions of dyeing solution(50~ 70mg/m L),alkali(Na HCO3)concentration(2-4%/(o.w.f.)),temperature(80~100?),time(90~150min)was further optimized on the basis of unstained cotton fabric as the control and ?E(the total color difference)as total index byresponse surface methodology(RSM).Finally,compared with the morphology difference of unstained and stained cotton fabric by SEM images.The results showed that,dye concentration of walnut green husk had good thermal stability range 100?;Model optimum dyeing conditions were as follow:dyeing solution concentration was 70 mg/m L,Na HCO3 concentration was 3.91 %/(o.w.f.),time was 102 min,temperature was 100 ?,Under above conditions,?E* value was35.292.The results showed alkali concentration was the most significant factor for the ?E* value,while dyeing solution concentration and alkali concentration had very significant(p < 0.01)interactive on the ?E value;SEM images indicated the morphology of stained cotton fabric has not been changed;Because of complexation effect of mordants,the color fastness of cotton fabric by mordant dyeing are generally 1-2 level higher than that by direct dyeing.The fastness of fabric all reached grade 4,meet the type A standard of GB18401-2010 and the first grade standards of FZ/T81004-2012.4.This research aimed to optimize the wool dyeing process of pigments from walnut green husks.Based on preliminary experiments,after thermal stability of walnut green husk pigments was analysised by UV scanning spectras,the wool dyeing process at different test conditions of temperature(80~100 ?),dyeing solution concentration(10~30mg/m L),time(50~70 min),p H(3-5)was further optimized on the basis of unstained wool as standard substance and ?E(the total color difference)as total index by response surface methodology(RSM).Finally,compared with the morphology change of wool by SEM images.The results showed that,walnut green husk pigments had good thermal stability range 100?;Optimum dyeing conditions were as follow:p H was 5,time was 70 min,temperature was 100 ?,dyeing solution concentration was 13.20 mg/m L,under aboveconditions,?E* was 75.012,which was in good agreement with the model predicated value.The results of RSM showed temperature was the most significant factor for the value ?E,while time anddyeing solution concentration alao had very significant(p<0.01)interactive on the value ?E;SEM images indicated the wool morphology has not changed;Because of complexation effect of mordants,the color fastness of wool by mordant dyeing are generally higher than that by direct dyeing,The fastness of wool all reached grade 3,meet the type B standard of GB18401-2010 and the first grade standards of FZ/T73018-2012.which proved the results of model optimum dyeing conditions coulde be used as the optimum process for wool dyeing. |
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