Complex Of Berberine Pesticide And Probe Synthesis

The brown rot manifesting symptoms on leaves,flowers and fruits is a severe disease caused by fungus Monilinia fructicola.This disease significantly hampers the production of stone fruits including peach,apricot and plum.Previous studies in our lab reported the remarkable inhibition of berberine on M.fructicola.compared with chemical synthesis fungicides,berberine is relatively safe to human and benign to environment because it is derived from plants.To circumvent the occurrence of microbial resistance,fungicides are usually mixed to control plant diseases.In present study,berberine was blended with Metarhizium anisopliae,matrine,active protein,Bacillus subtilis and veratridine,which all are friendly to environment due to low toxicity.Co-toxicity factor method was recruited to assess the inhibition of different combinations of aforementioned fungicides or chemicals on the mycelial growth of M.fructicola.Briefly,the formulation was finally achieved by measuring the diameter of colony and calculating virulence coefficient.Results showed that M.fructicola could be completely inhibited by either M.anisopliae or B.subtilis.In addtion,the inhibition rate reduced when the ratio of berberin vs active protein was 5:1,while the inhibition rate increased when the ratio of berberine vs active protein reduced to 2:1,1:1,1:2 or 1:5.Furthermore,berberine and veratridine showed antagonistic effect when their ratio are 5:1 and 2:1.In contrast,their mixture exhibited additive effect when the ratio are 1:1,1:2 or 1:5.To uncover the targets of berberine in M.fructicola,we designed and synthesized a berberine-based photo-affinity labeling probe.In this probe,berberine,trifluorobenzylbisridine and biotin serve as the active group,photo-labeling group and reporter group,respectively.Based on screening of current synthesis methods and optimization of reaction conditions,we comprehensively explored molecular modification of berberine,the formation of diazirine as well as the reaction conditions of chemical groups in the probe.This newly synthesized probe could be applied to unravel the binding sites of berberine in M.fructicola strain or beyond.This work provides a basis for forthcoming study.