Study On Atmospheric Particulate Pollutants Health Damage Effect And Countermeasures Of Outdoor Exercise

Objective: With the continuous development of social economy,people are paying increasingly attention to health.In addition,the accumulation of pressure from body and mind,so the outdoor exercise based health activities have attracted much attention and love.However,the rapid economic development led to corresponding industrialization and urbanization,with bring a series of problems of air pollution inevitably.Especially the atmospheric particulate pollution has become the primary factors in the deterioration of pollution and threat,and then produce a lot of adverse impact on outdoor exercise on human health.Firstly,this article via analysis the atmospheric particulate pollutants(particulate Matter,PM,PM10 and PM2.5)including the general way of damage to human health,the possible mechanism,and its impact on ordinary people mortality,to clarify the city atmospheric particulate effect.Finally,take a typical industrial city—Taiyuan as an example,through analysis the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of atmospheric particulate pollution,put forward to countermeasures of outdoor exercise to coordinate the contradiction of outdoor air deterioration and outdoor exercise better.Besides,this research also has a positive and practical significance for people to make reasonable decisions for outdoor exercise.Methods:(1)This paper reviews the literature on the physical and chemical properties of atmospheric particle pollution,pathogenic mechanism,and then analyzes the special health risks of human health hazards of atmospheric particulate pollutants and threshold characteristics in motion;(2)Through the literature search platform,we collected the literature and data about the relationship between the atmospheric particulate pollution and the daily death of residents at home and abroad。After screening the literature,the effect value was pooled by Meta analysis;(3)Through the environmental monitoring station in Shanxi Province,collected 733 days of PM10 and PM2.5 data,using descriptive statistics,Ratu classic(Heat Map)power analysis,Morlat continuous wavelet transform and spectrum analysis of variance and principal component analysis PCA to determine the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of multi time scales of PM10 and PM2.5,and put forward the corresponding outdoor exercise countermeasures accordingly.Results:(1)Existing studies have shown that particulate pollutants in the atmosphere can cause many kinds of health damage to humans.Studies also show that there is a health risk of exposure to atmospheric particulates at any concentration.In the course of exercise,the changes of respiratory mode,the increase of ventilation capacity,the enhancement of lung diffusion capacity,and the movement of heat production and opening of pores will aggravate the harm of particulate pollutants to human body;(2)The results of Meta analysis showed that the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 in the atmosphere for every increase of10 ug/m3,daily mortality increased relative risk(RR)were 0.999 and1.001,the corresponding 95%CI 0.622~1.376 and 0.628~1.374;the mortality rate increased by 0.98% and 1.05%,corresponding to 95%CI for 0.97%~0.99% and 1.01%~1.08%.The study also showed that the combined effects of PM2.5 in relative risk and mortality were higher than those in PM10;(3)During the whole monitoring period of 2014-2016 years,the pollution degree of PM10 and PM2.5 in the monitoring sites is relatively heavy in the space,and in the new economic area with frequent population and economic activities,the pollution of particulates is more serious than other monitoring sites.At the time of season,PM10 and PM2.5of particulate pollutants showed relatively serious pollution in winter;Within a week,Saturday and Sunday the pollution situation in most than other days relative to light pollution,the clustering results reveal the variation characteristics of the particles during the week and weekend within a week of relatively slight pollution phenomenon,some degree of validation of atmospheric particulate pollution changes and human activities are closely linked;Within one day,PM10 pollution was most affected by the night.PM2.5 pollution was most affected by morning, and PM10 and PM2.5 showed relatively severe pollution characteristics in the afternoon.Conclusions and countermeasures:(1)Urban airborne particulate pollutants(PM10 and PM2.5)enter the human body mainly through the respiratory system,and then produce a variety of toxic effects on the human body.The concentration of particles has no obvious threshold for the health damage.Atmospheric particulate pollution situation is not stable in the temporal and spatial variation of different countries and regions,should recommend the best exercise place and time in different areas by their own law of spatial and temporal variation of atmospheric particulate pollution characteristics,to reduce the particle pollution on the harm of outdoor exercise crowd;(2)The results of Meta analysis revealed that outdoor particulate pollutants exposure had an important impact on the mortality of the general population.Rise of city atmospheric particulate pollutants concentration will increase the risk of death of residents,and the degree of harm to human health caused by PM2.5 is greater than PM10,suggesting that outdoor sports activities pay particular attention to the rising concentration of particulate pollutants and health threats;(3)The temporal and spatial variation characteristics of atmospheric particulate pollutants in Taiyuan show that the pollution of the particulates is the most serious in the new economic area where the population and economic activities are frequent.In winter,windward and gully areas of the windward and urban areas are relatively light polluted.The performance in the time scale,in the season,the most serious pollution levels in winter,and the spring and summer,the beginning of the pollution degree is relatively slight;within a week,Wednesday,Thursday and Friday are the most serious in pollution,and on Saturday,Zhou Tianze slightly;in the day,the atmospheric particle pollutants in PM10 morning,afternoon and night pollution situation is more serious,more serious pollution in PM2.5 in the morning and afternoon.Therefore,within the scope of Taiyuan city people in the outdoor exercise,in the city of prosperous area,the traditional heavy industry area and population in winter downwind area out exercise in the choice to pay attention to atmospheric particulate pollution.At the same time,as far as possible to avoid outdoor exercise in winter,and if unavoidable outdoor exercise,you need to do protective measures;During the week’s outdoor workout program,try to avoid Tuesday,Wednesday and Thursday on weekdays.It’s better to schedule your workout for the weekend so that you can avoid the peaks of pollution;Arrange outdoor exercise program for one day,choose outdoor exercise time in the morning or evening when the pollution is mild.