Studies On Ultra-precision Optical Fabrication Technology With The Rounf Nose Diamond Tool

Single-point diamond turning technology is to do a small removal on the workpiece surface by a crystal diamond tool,making the processed optical surface come to processing requirements,to achieve ultra-precision turning.In particular,single-point diamond turning has the advantages of fast speed,low cost and high efficiency,which makes it widely used in optics,medical equipment,automobile and communication fields.In the field of modern optics,with the rapid development of optical technology,the accuracy of the optical surface are demanded increasingly,and the ultra precision machining accuracy is also increasing,which makes the study of single point diamond turning on the surface quality of the workpiece have great significance.Therefore,a good understanding of the tool parameters and the turning mechanism of workpiece,can effectively control the surface quality and shape accuracy of optical element.In order to understand the effect of the single crystal diamond tool on the surface of the workpiece during cutting process,this paper first introduced the properties of the single crystal diamond crystal,secondly we researched the sharpness of the edge of the single crystal diamond tool,the reasonable choice of tool geometric parameters,and the difficult grinding direction of the flank face and the difficult grinding ratio of the tool nose arc.This article mainly researched the surface roughness and form for the processed workpiece when we evaluated the surface quality of the workpiece.First the mechanism of surface roughness was studied,and the processing technology of the optical parts around the round nose diamond tools were studied.The effect of different different flank profile on the residual height of different shape workpiece surface is analyzed.The theoretical calculation model of the influence of the tool with different flank profile on the surface roughness of workpiece was established,its influence on surface roughness of workpiece was analyzed.According to the various deviations of the tool,this paper analyzed the impact of the waviness of the cutting edge on the surface shape of optical parts,the relationship between the waviness of the tool edge and the form error of the workpiece surface was established.The influence of the waviness of the tool edge on the optical part face of different caliber was analyzed.According to the mathematical model,it is found that with the increase of the waviness of the tool edge,the influence on the surface shape of the workpiece is greater.As well as the optical component by cutting in the use of the same edge waviness,the greater the edge waviness,the more serious effects on its surface.Finally,the cutting experiments of brass and aluminum are carried out to get the effects of the parameters of the tool on the surface roughness and surface shape of the workpiece.According to the experimental results and theoretical analysis,further analysis of the influence of various parameters on the surface of cutting tool and finally realizes the reasonable selection tool parameters to meet the processing requirements.