Radiation Preparation And Properties Of Nanocomposite For Radioactive Cs~+ Adsorption

As the rapid development of nuclear power and wide application of nuclear technology,nuclear safety and radiation safety are being paid more and more attention.The radioactive waste water from nuclear industry is harmful to public and environment,which should be safely treated.? ray has high energy and can induce many chemical reaction,which has be used to prepare materials and have many advantages.This thesis is based on ? radiation preparation and nanocomposite for radioactive Cs+ adsorption.Several kinds of porous adsorbing materials for radioactive ions and Prussian blue for radioactive Cs+ specific adsorption have been successfully prepared and studied in detail.The main research work and results are as following:1)Novel porous permutite/carbon nanobeads/amidated alginic acid nanocomposites were fabricated via a ? radiation method.The carbon nanobeads are 40-60 nm in diameter.The cross-linked amidated alginic acid is well dispersed on the surface of carbon nanobeads and permutite.The influences of contact time,pH and initial concentration of Cs+ solution were investigated.Contact time = 4 h and pH = 9 are ideal conditions for Cs+ removal.The Cs+ adsorption capacity can reach 60.1 mg g^-1.They have good stability and adsorption-desorption properties.The adsorption capacity can maintain more than 85 % after 4 adsorption-desorption cycles.2)Magnetic Prussian blue/Fe₃O₄ core/shell nanoparticles were fabricated via a facile one-pot method.TEM,XRD and FT-IR reveal that the as prepared products are 20-40 nm in diameter and have obvious core/shell structures,which are consisted of face-centred-cubic lattice Prussian blue and Fe3O4.They can be well dispersed in water and show obvious magnetism,which make they can be rapidly separated by the magnet.The results of adsorption experiments indicate that their maximal adsorption capacities for Cs+ are 145.8 and 132.6 mg g^-1 respectively.After magnetic separation,the Cs+ removal efficiency can keep more than 90 %.The magnetization and Cs+ adsorption properties can be easily adjusted via changing the content of Fe₃O₄ in nanocomposites.3)Prussian blue nanoparticles were synthesized via ? radiation,using glucose and sucrose as stabilizers.SEM?XRD?FT-IR?UV-vis results reveal that ? radiation can incuce the product of Prussian blue and stabilizer plays am import role in the formation of Prussian blue nanoparticles.100^-150 nm Prussian blue nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using sucrose as stabilizer.The results of adsorption experiments indicate that the maximal adsorption capacities for Cs+ can reach 125.8 mg g^-1.4)Novel adsorption composites with Prussian blue nanoparticles and environment friendly porous adsorption material were fabricated via ? radiation.The natural porous materials were made from apple,corn stalk and pomelo peel via hydrothermal or alkali treatment.SEM,XRD,FT-IR results reveal that Prussian blue nanoparticles are well dispersed on the surface of porous structures.The diameter of Prussian blue nanoparticles in pomelo peel porous structures is about 10 nm.The results of adsorption experiments indicate that their maximal adsorption capacities for Cs+ are 67.3,62.1 and 83.8 mg g^-1 respectively.5)Several kinds of Prussian blue and their analogue with novel structures were prepared via hydrothermal or ? radiation method,which were characterized via SEM,XRD and Moessbauer spectrum.The Prussian blue with regular cube structures was synthesized via hydrothermal method.The Prussian blue analogue nanoparticles like flower,strip,boat,prism structures were fabricated via ? radiation route,respectively.