Study On The Applicability Of Bio-fermentation Bed For Livestock Breeding Pollution Control

In order to solve the serious pollution of livestock and poultry breeding,and promote the application of the technology of source control and abatement.This paper has carried out the research on the influencing factors of the litter physicochemical properties of the bio-fermentation bed(BFB),the analysis of the microbial community structure in the BFB,a pilot test for BFB and the application mode of the BFB.The main results were as follows:The simulation test results showed that the microbial inoculum may improved the metabolic activity of waste in the BFB in a certain extent,and affected the temperature,pH,moisture content and water-holding capacity of the litter.Pollution loading affected the physicochemical properties of the litter of the BFB significantly.The high pollution loading will affect the metabolic activity of microorganisms seriously.By using the 16 S rRNA of high-throughput sequencing technology to analyse the microbial community of the BFB,it showed that Bacillus was the predominant genus in the BFB which was used for 4 months,but the abundance was changed from13.04%~19.86% to 10.59%~15.41%.The pilot test results showed that,the average temperature of the piggery which applied the BFB was higher than the ordinary slatted floor piggery about 2 ℃,and the NH3 and H2 S concentration of the BFB piggery was 3.43 mg/m3 and 1.39 mg/m3,which lower than the 5.76 mg/m3 and 3.23 mg/m3 in the ordinary slatted floor piggery.Meanwhile the PM10,CO2 concentration and relative humidity content in the BFB piggery were 0.45 mg/m3,1273.23 mg/m3 and about 80% respectively,which higher than the ordinary slatted floor piggery of 0.33 mg/m3,1096.64 mg/m3 and about 67%.The mortality,the feed conversion ratio and the daily gain of the pigs in the BFB piggery and the ordinary slatted floor piggery were(0%,2.86 and 817.2 g/d)and(6%,3.03 and 787.9 g/d).So the BFB technology may had a positive effect on the pig production performance,and as all the waste from the pig breeding were treated,there was no pollutant emission from the BFB piggery.As to the design of the BFB,it needs a comprehensive consideration about the main structures whice including litter tank,platform,drinking and feeding trough and the fence.Meanwhile the auxiliary projects such as ventilation,water and electricitysupply and transportation are also needed.As to the standardized management of the BFB,ventilation control(natural or mechanical ventilation),manure management,litter management(turning,supplement and humidity control)and emergency response were very important.From the point of view of economic benefit analysis,though the BFB technology increasing the construction and litter cost,due to the spent litter can be used to produce organic fertilizer,and it can ruduce about half of the water consumption,the BFB technology has more advantages than the energy-saving environmental protection bigas technology.And by using the way of "leading enterprises + cooperatives + farmers",to develope the BFB-linked eco-agriculture mode,it can obtain a promosing application prospects.