Synthesis?Characterizations And Electrocatalysis Study Of Platinum Ruthenium Nanocrystalline

With the rapid development of society,Energy shortage and environmental pollution have become two very important issues which can not be ignored.This is because the traditional fossil fuels are not only characterized by limited and nonrenewable,but also cause environmental pollution.As an electricity generated equipment,the fuel cell can turn fuel's chemical energy into electricity power directly by electrochemistry way without combustion.Direct methanol fuel cell?DMFC?is an electrochemical device in which the methanol is fed directly into the fuel.Due to its high power density,simple,operation,and portability,DMFC become the ideal energy storage and conversion device for the future.Platinum-based catalyst are widely used in the field of DMFCs.However,the Pt metals are limited and expensive,resulting in the application of Pt-based catalysts in DMFCs have some problems,such as the high over potential of methanol oxidization,surface poisoning and so on.By contrast,PtRu alloy catalysts not only show a higher activity and ability of anti-poisoning,but also decrease the usage amount of Platinum.Aiming to improve the activity and stability of catalyst,several PtRu nanocatalysts have been designed and prepared.The enhanced electrocatalytic performance of PtRu alloys makes them a promising efficient electrocatalyst for applications in direct methanol fuel cells.?1?Using polyvinyl pyrrolidone?PVP Mw=40000?as the reducing agent,sodium dodecyl sulfate?SDS?and potassium fluoride?KF?as the structure-director,super pure water as solvent,sub 2.0 nm Ru nanowire networks were prepared at 180 ? for 24 h by hydrothermal method.The RuPt nanowire networks were obtained using the same process through introduction H2PtCl6 Electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol in acidic conditions,Ru56Pt44 nanowire networks exhibits better catalytic stability than that of commercial Pt₅₀Ru₅₀/C.?2?Using citric acid monohydrate as the reducing agent,polyvinyl pyrrolidone?PVP Mw=8000?as dispersant,hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride?CTAC?as the structure-director and super pure water as solvent,porous flowerlike Pt₇₂Ru₂₈ nanoalloys were prepared at 210 ? for 2 h by hydrothermal method.The peak current density and mass activity on these as-synthesized porous flowerlike Pt₇₂Ru₂₈ nanoalloys have a much higher long-term durability than commercial Pt black,Pt₅₀Ru₅₀ black,and Pt₅₀Ru₅₀/C for methanol oxidation in acidic medium.More significantly,the porous Pt₇₂Ru₂₈ bimetallic nanoalloys have long-term solvent durability after immersion in water for 16 months.