Aquatic Life Ambient Freshwater Quality Criteria For Carbaryl In China

Carbaryl(1-naphthyl-N-methylcarbamate)is an insecticide belongs to the N-methyl carbamate class of pesticides and is used widely.It has caused negative impact for people's health and environment and it has widely detected in surface water.In China,carbaryl belongs to first control presticides.In order to protect freshwater aquatic life,it is urgent to carry out the research of aquatic life ambient freshwater quality criteria for carbaryl in China.Acute toxicity data of 44 species from 23 families and 5 phyla and chronic toxicity data of 2 species from 1 family and 1 phylum are collected and screened.The aquatic life freshwater quality criteria for carbaryl are derived by both toxicity percentile rank method and species sensitivity distribution method according to freshwater ecosystem in China.The results shows that criteria maximum concentration and criteria continuous concentration for carbaryl are 2.6 ?g/L calculated by toxicity percentile rank method;the short term hazardous concentration and long term hazardous concentration are 3.3 ?g/L and 1.6 ?g/L,respectively calculated by species sensitivity distribution method.The species mean acute values to carbaryl range from 2.25 ?g/L to 1000 ?g/L for pisces,and 700 ?g/L to 27609 ?g/L for crustaceans,so the crustacean is more sensitive for carbaryl than pisces base on toxic data in China.Because of the different biotas,the aquatic life freshwater quality criteria for carbaryl in China derived by toxicity percentile rank method is 25% larger than American criteria which used the same method.In addition,the aquatic life freshwater quality criteria for carbaryl in China changes as time goes by.The criteria varies every five years from 1990 to 2015.Preliminary statistics indicate that the concentrations for carbaryl of 50% samples in 22 ground water samples are greater than aquatic life ambient freshwater quality criteria showing an ecological risk.This research promotes the development of the freshwater quality criteria in China and provides the scientific basis to set up the water quality standard of carbaryl.