The Development And Injury Analysis Of A 3-Year-Old Child Occupant Abdominal Finite Element Model

The traffic accident is one of the main causes of making human body injury and the children belong to vulnerable groups because of their growth and development characteristics.In the terms of human Anatomy,the age of 3 is an important watershed in the process of physical growth,and the proportion of the abdomen in the child body is larger than it in adults.But in abdomen the bones could hardly protect the visceral well.3-year-old children are more susceptible to be injured,especially the abdomen,which is the third easy injury part.It is very rare to use physiological experiments directly to study abdominal injury because of the ethical reasons.With the rapid development of the finite element,it becomes a new method to use finite element method to study the human bodies'visceral injury.In this paper based on CT imagines of a 3-year-old girl child abdomen,the 3-year-old child abdominal geometric models were extracted by the medical software of Mimics according to Anatomy and were divided into surface patches by the reverse engineering software of Geomagic Studio.The meshes were developed and checked in the software of TrueGrid and HyperMesh.Then the 3-year-old child occupant abdomen finite element model was developed.In the Pam-Crash software the child organs were gave the correspondingly material properties.And the effectiveness of the 3-year-old child occupant abdomen finite element model was validated with the experiments of Jun Ouyang.The max impact force was 436.98N in the body test 530.30±102.62N of Jun Ouyang.The impact force-abdominal deformation curve was consistent with the impact force-abdominal deformation curves of body test by Jun Ouyang,and the curve was between the standards.The impactor was rotated 30° angle from the left and the right along the direction of its velocity perpendicular line respectively.The child abdomen impact force-abdominal deformation curves were analyzed at the three different conditions.And the viscera injury status were discussed and studied by the maximum strains.Simulating results showed that it had significant differences of the injury of child abdominal viscera and the impact force because of the internal organs' asymmetry under the three different conditions.According to correlate test conditions by Koizumi T.,the developed 3-year-old child occupant abdominal finite element model was used to simulate the abdominal injury at the side impact.Results showed that there were significantly differences among the 3-year-old child abdomen finite element model this paper developed,the 3-year-old finite element model scaled down an adult male FE human model and Hybrid III 3-year-old dummy model.The model according to the structure of anatomy had much better biological simulation.The next,the abdominal injury was researched at different velocities.The results indicated that the impact place played an important role in the abdominal visceral injury.The greater the velocity was,the bigger the impact force and deformation were,and the more serious the abdominal visceral injury would be.The 3-year-old child abdomen finite element model developed this paper had much better biological simulation.Moreover,this study could provide reliable data for the injury of children abdomen and could be also used in the development of protection devices for children abdomen.