The Analysis Of The Car Front Small Angle Collision And The Safety Of The Crash

With the continuous development of automobile industry,vehicle passive safety become increasingly the focus of people.In real life,most of the collision forms are small angle collision,the collision form can cause more serious damage to the vehicle and driver,in addition,vehicle collisions with urban road guardrail easily cause secondary damage and serious consequences.This makes the study of small angle of the vehicle collision and guardrail collision has very important practical significance.Through the contrast of full frontal collision and small angle collision,observe the deformation of vehicle dash panel,front rails and column A,B,C,then calculate the impact on the driver's survival space under the two collision forms.In the study of vehicle collisions with guardrail,we carry on the simulation of the guardrail in different material,shape,and the connection mode respectively,analyze the safety performance of different kinds of guardrails and the secondary damage of guardrail beams to driver.Firstly,HyperMesh is used to establish finite element model of the vehicle and guardrail,such as meshing,geometry cleanup,setting the material properties,establishing the connections;Secondly,set the initial speed of the vehicle according to the relevant laws and regulations,and set the key card,we save the model for K file and import to LS-DYNA to calculate;Finally using the HyperView and HyperGraph to analyze the results.We can get the conclusion through the analysis of the result: under the same collision speed,the small angle collision has a greater impact to the driver's survival space.In the process of vehicle collisions with guardrail,the guardrail beam and columns with integrated structure is much safer than with the method of welding;The performance of steel guardrail is better than the guardrail of PVC material;The performance of cylindrical guardrail is slightly better than the guardrail in the shape of rectangular tube,but it is easier to make the vehicle ride across the guardrail in the shape of cylindrical guardrail;As to the guardrail of rectangular tube with the method of welding,the guardrail beam is much easier to break up with the columns after collision,then the guardrail beam through the windscreen and cause secondary damage to the driver,and the damage is often fatal.Finally,the paper puts forward some improvement methods to avoid the secondary damage of the guardrail to the driver,and some suggestions were put forward for the selection of urban road guardrail.