Experimental Study On Abrasion Characteristics Of Common Materials For Hydraulic Machinery

Abrasion is a microscopic, instantaneous, random, multiphase complex phenomenon.Because of the change of the environment, the mechanical material of hydraulic machinery is often affected by abrasion, which makes the vibration of equipment worse, the performance decline, and the production efficiency decreases. Therefore, the damage caused by hydraulic machinery is immeasurable, so it is of profound theoretical significance and practical significance to study the abrasion characteristics of hydraulic mechanical materials.This paper analyzed the research status of domestic and foreign hydraulic machinery cavitation erosion and wear theory research, experiment method and the combined effect of erosion and cavitation, determine the research content, and developed a set of rotating jet erosion test device, design of the research program, and completed the abrasion of materials commonly used in hydraulic machinery experiment. By collecting material failure data and material surface scanning electron microscope weight, in-depth analysis of the occurrence of abrasion of the material during the process of weight loss, wear distribution and erosion angle, surface erosion rate of the two kinetic parameters and surface roughness effect on the abrasion, get the following conclusion:(1) When the angle of attack is 32 degrees, the weight loss of material is the biggest, erosion and cavitation erosion are the most intense, and the two are complementary to each other, which destroy the surface of material together. When the erosion angle is 24 degrees, the surface failure forms of the specimens are mainly micro cutting. When the erosion angle is 40 degrees, the failure forms of the material surface are mainly cavitation erosion.(2) The weight loss of the specimen combined with erosion and cavitation is proportional to the erosion velocity. The higher the erosion rate, the greater the weight loss of the specimen. High speed impact is more likely to cause abrasive wear on the material surface.(3) The surface roughness of the abrasive damage effects for different surface mechanical polishing, milling and turning the rough experiments it is concluded that mechanical polishing surface abrasion degree minimum, milling time, turning the highest.(4)SEM observation of the specimen in the hole behind the main abrasion area concentrated and abrasion mark from the through hole started along the flow direction from deep to shallow;these are the main abrasion mark micro cutting furrows and honeycomb pits, the extent of damage is determined by the hardness of the material. The combined action of erosion and cavitation makes hydraulic mechanical material failure faster and more serious.