Effect Of Additive Of Negative Electrode On Low-temperature Of Lead-acid Battery

In recent years,low-speed electric vehicle(EV)using lead-acid batteries as motive power has been accepted gradually.The market of low-speed EV in north China is not as good as south China since the lead-acid batteries for low-speed EV exhibit the poor performances at low temperature,such as capacity,charging acceptance and high rate discharging in low temperature.It has been found that the “passivation” of negative electrode at low temperature is the main reason for the low discharge capacity,poor charge acceptance and short cycle life.Doping additives in negative mass can suppress “passivation” of negative electrode and improve the low-temperature performances of the batteries.In the present work,3-EVF-200 battery is used as the research object.Sodium lignosulphonate,humid acid,barium sulfate and carbon black those are the commonly used additives for negative mass is firstly investigated The discharge capacity and high-rate discharging performance at low temperature is significantly improved by increasing the doping level of humid acid and barium sulfate to 0.3 wt.% and 0.7 wt.%,respectively.However,the charge acceptance and cycle life become worse at the same time.Moreover,the function of carbon that is “magic” additive for lead-carbon batteries is also investigated.When doping 2 wt.% activated carbon and 0.5 wt.% high-purity graphite in negative mass,the manufacturability of mixing and pasting procedures is good.The charge acceptance and cycling performance of the batteries at low temperature can be greatly enhanced.Furthermore,the water loss is also controllable.The road tests show that electrochemical performance of lead-acid batteries using as-prepared additive meets the reqirement of short sightseeing cars in winter at the alpine region of our country,of which the mileage is more than 100 km with each charge.