Research On Penetration Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Asteroid Soil Penetrator

It is one of the research directions of deep space exploration to detect asteroid by means of impact method and directly detect the interior of asteroid soil,so as to directly understand the information related to the asteroid’s interior.The design of the penetrator not only ensures a certain penetration depth,but also ensures that the related components installed inside the penetrator are not loss of function due to excessive deceleration.In this paper,a combination of experimental and numerical techniques is used,the effects of warhead shape,soil particle size and the centroid position of projectile on penetration characteristics are studied,it has important reference value to the design of penetrator.In view of the problem that the motion of the penetrator cannot be observed in the soil,an experimental scheme is designed to measure the ballistic deflection and overload characteristics of the projectile through the penetration target.The experimental scheme uses a gas gun to drive the projectile at a certain speed to penetrate the simulated asteroid soil.The trajectory,the deceleration change,the penetration depth and the final attitude of the projectile in the simulated soil are obtained.The shape effect of warhead has been obtained by experiment.The results show that the pointed arch body,with a pointed arch diameter ratio increases,the penetration depth increases,increasing the trajectory deviation ballistic,projectile attitude angle deviation increases,deceleration decreases;for conical projectile,with the cone angle increases,the penetration depth decreases,reducing the trajectory deviation,projectile attitude angle decreases,the deceleration increases.The size effect of asteroid soil on the penetration characteristics was obtained by experiments.The results show that the penetration depth decreases,the ballistic deflection decreases,and the final attitude angle decreases and the deceleration increases as the soil size increases.The numerical model is established by ABAQUS,and the correctness of the simulation model is verified by ground experiment.Based on the finite element analysis,the relationship between the centroid position and penetration characteristics under oblique penetration is obtained.The results show that as the centroid position approaches the head of the projectile,the penetration depth increases,the trajectory deviation decreases,and the final attitude angle decreases and the deceleration decreases.In this paper,ground penetrating test and simulation model are used to study the penetration of impactor into simulated soil.The influence of warhead shape,soil particle size and centroid location on penetration characteristics is analyzed,which has engineering reference value for the design of penetrator.